世界各国应对番茄褐色皱果病毒跨境传播采取的植物检疫措施分析及启示

Analysis of phytosanitary measures adopted by countries to manage the cross-border transmission of Tomato brown rugose fruit virus

【目的】为了防范番茄褐色皱果病毒(Tomato brown rugose fruit virus,ToBRFV)跨境传入我国,本文对世界各国应对ToBRFV跨境传播采取的植物检疫措施进行分析,以期为我国应对ToBRFV提供参考。【方法】通过查阅各国政府和国际组织官网、文献等资料,收集世界各国应对ToBRFV的相关信息,对其开展的早期预警、出台的植物检疫政策和防控措施等进行梳理和分析。【结果】为防范ToBRFV的快速蔓延风险,各国和组织通过将其列入警示名单、向WTO提交相关通报、发表相关文章等手段开展早期预警。为防止ToBRFV的传入和扩散,各国和组织快速出台将其列为官方管制对象、制修订相关进境检疫法律法规等植物检疫政策;从产地、出口前、进口后等方面制定了严格的防控措施。【结论】早识别、早应对是国际上应对ToBRFV跨境传播的关键举措,各国的检疫措施整体严格。建议我国继续关注ToBRFV发生动态、适时调整检疫措施、提高口岸检疫能力、开展调查监测。

【Aim】To prevent Tomato brown rugose fruit virus(ToBRFV)from the cross-border transmission into China,we analyzed the phytosanitary measures used to control ToBRFV globally.The aim of this study was to provide a reference and relevant information for China to manage ToBRFV transmission.【Methods】Through the official websites of governments and international organizations,published literature,and other channels,we collected relevant information about how countries around the world deal with ToBRFV.We sorted and analyzed early warning systems,plant quarantine policies,and prevention and control measures.【Results】To decrease the risk of the rapid spread of ToBRFV,countries and organizations provided early warnings by including ToBRFV in the early warning list,submitting relevant notifications to the World Trade Organization,and publishing relevant articles.To prevent the introduction and spread of ToBRFV,countries and organizations quickly issued plant quarantine policies that included listing ToBRFV as an object of official control,formulating and revising relevant entry quarantine laws and regulations,and formulating strict pre-and post-import quarantine measures.【Conclusions】Early identification and responses are the key measures to deal with the cross-border spread of ToBRFV globally,and the quarantine measures of various countries are strict.China should continue to pay attention to the dynamics of ToBRFV,promptly adjust related quarantine measures,improve the port quarantine capacity,conduct investigations,and implement monitoring programs.