从全球到中国:社会与学校的教育协同创新

Collaborative Innovation between Schools and Society:Global Trends and Chinese Practices

近半个世纪以来,人们认为学校教育不能适应社会的进步和技术的变革引发了“教育危机”。文章借鉴教育生态系统理论和经合组织提出的教学核心概念,系统分析了国外和国内具有影响力的教育协同创新的案例,并就如何建立具有活力、生命力和可持续性的教育生态系统提出了建议。研究发现:第一,教育系统中存在内部系统与外部系统的相互作用,这决定了学校与社会并不是对立的,而需要彼此协同;第二,世界各国的学校与社会中其他教育者发展了多种形式的合作机制,以求为学习者拓展学习空间、促进教育公平、提升教育质量;第三,应建立“人力资本收益平衡式”,教育的受益者及其雇主有责任更多地参与学校教育,以冲抵其所占用的公共教育资源,并实现教育投入的“股东权益”。

In the past fifty years,the outcries of education crisis have never ended.Many pundits attribute the causes of the crisis to the mismatch between what society needs and what schools can offer.This paper draws on the theory of ecology of education and the pedagogy core concept of OECD to analyze ten influential cases of collaborative innovation between schools and society at large both from China and abroad.It puts forward suggestions on building a dynamic,vibrant and sustainable education ecosystem.The major conclusions are as follows.First,there is the interaction between internal and external systems in the education system,which determines that schools and society are not antagonistic,but need to cooperate with each other.Second,schools around the world have developed various forms of cooperation mechanisms with other education institutions in order to expand learning space for learners,promote educational equity and improve educational quality.Third,“human capital investment balance sheet”should be applied to practice,and the beneficiaries of education and their employers have the responsibility to participate more in school education,so as to offset the public education resources they occupy,and realize the“shareholders’equity”of education investment.