电力机车牵引变流器功率模块的减振优化

Vibration Reduction Optimization of Traction Converter Power Module for Electric Locomotive

通过对标准IEC 61373在电力机车牵引变流器功能性随机振动试验中的适用性分析,发现该项标准仅考虑了5~150 Hz低频段振动,而忽略了中高频振动的影响。为此,开展不同型号电力机车线路振动测试,从时域和频域角度进行数据统计,并利用统计容差法编制实测载荷谱,发现HX_(D)1和HX_(D)1C型电力机车牵引变流器功率模块的振动超出其他型号电力机车,且超过IEC 61373标准值。基于实测数据,分析牵引变流器功率模块振动来源,研究振动对功率模块驱动板及其安装板和IGBT器件等主要部件的影响,提出减振优化方案,并进行仿真分析和试验验证。结果表明:HX_(D)1型电力机车牵引变流器功率模块30~80 Hz低频振动的主要来源为轮轨作用,700~1600 Hz高频振动的主要来源是电容振动;驱动板及其安装板的固有频率处于实测载荷谱峰值频率区间,存在共振风险,而高频振动通过长母排的传递会对IGBT器件可靠性造成影响;对驱动板及其安装板和长母排增加约束、功率模块采用减振器和电缆连接的减振优化方案具有可行性。

Through the applicability analysis of Standard IEC 61373 in the functional random vibration test of electric locomotive traction converter,it is found that the Standard only considers the low frequency vibration between 5-150 Hz and consequently ignores the influences of medium and high frequency vibrations.Therefore,the line vibration tests of different types of electric locomotives were carried out,statistics were collected from the perspectives of time and frequency domains;and the measured load spectrum was compiled using the statistical tolerance method.It was found that the vibrations of the traction converter power modules of electric locomotives HX_(D)1 and HX_(D)1C exceeded those of other types of electric locomotives,and exceeded the values indicated in Standard IEC 61373.Based on measured data,the vibration source of the traction converter power module was analyzed.The influences of the vibration on the main components of power module,such as the drive board and its mounting plate and IGBT devices,were studied.The optimization scheme for vibration reduction was proposed,and the simulation analysis and the test verification were carried out.The results show that the main source of low frequency vibration between 30-80 Hz of the traction converter power module of electric locomotive HX_(D)1 is wheel-rail action,and that of high frequency vibration between 700-1,600 Hz is capacitance vibration.If the natural frequencies of the drive board and its mounting plate have been within a range of peak frequency of the measured load spectrum,there is a risk of resonance,while the transmission of high frequency vibration through the long busbar can affect the reliability of IGBT devices.Thus,it is feasible to add constraints to the drive board and its mounting plate and the long busbar,and to use the shock absorber and cable connection for the vibration reduction optimization scheme of power module.