宁波地区32 233例女性HPV感染情况及亚型特征分析

Analysis of HPV Infection and Subtypes in 32 233 Female Patients in Ningbo

目的:分析宁波地区2019-2021年女性人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染情况及亚型分布特点,为本地区宫颈癌的防治提供流行病学参考依据。方法:选取2019年1月-2021年12月在宁波市第一医院妇科门诊就诊,并行HPV分型检测的32 233例女性,采用微流控芯片技术共检测24种型别,分析不同年份,不同年龄组女性HPV的感染状况。结果:32 233例女性中共检出HPV阳性7 916例,总感染率24.56%,其中<30岁,30~39岁,40~49岁,50~59岁,≥60岁的患者中的感染率分别为27.17%(1 972/7 257),25.54%(2 401/9 402),23.36%(1 899/8 130),22.00%(1 182/5 357),22.31%(462/2 071)。不同年龄女性HPV感染率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=62.636,P<0.001)。不同年份女性HPV感染率比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=71.769,P<0.001),以2019年的感染率最高,为27.61%,2020年次之,为24.38%,2021年最低为22.67%,呈逐年递减的趋势。在所有HPV阳性的患者中,高危型5 715例,占比72.19%,低危型1 190例,占比15.03%,高低危混合型1 011例,占比12.78%。HPV单一型别感染率17.46%(5 629/32 233),二重型别感染率4.78%(1 540/32 233),三重及以上型别感染率2.32%(747/32 233)。HPV高危亚型感染的前5位分别是52、58、16、51、53型,其感染占比分别是16.20%、9.28%、8.11%、5.84%、5.35%。低危亚型感染的前3位是42、81、44型分别占比5.38%、4.56%、3.69%。结论:宁波地区2019至2021年间的感染率呈逐年递减趋势,感染类型主要以单一型,高危型感染为主,随着年龄的增长感染率呈下降趋势,其中小于40岁的女性具有较高的感染率。

Objective:To analyze the infection and subtype distribution characteristics of female human papillomavirus (HPV) in Ningbo from 2019 to 2021,and to provide epidemiological reference for the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer in this area.Method:A total of 32 233 female who visited the Department of Gynecology of the First Hospital of Ningbo from January 2019 to December 2021 and underwent HPV typing were selected,a total of 24 types of HPV were detected by microfluidic chip technology,and the infection status of HPV in different years and different age groups were analyzed.Result:A total of 7 916 HPV-positive cases were detected among32 233 female,with a total infection rate of 24.56%,among which the infection rates of <30 years old,30-39 years old,40-49 years old,50-59 years old and ≥60 years old were 27.17% (1 972/7 257),25.54% (2 401/9 402),23.36% (1 899/8 130),22.00%(1 182/5 357),22.31% (462/2 071),respectively.There was statistically significant difference in HPV infection rate among different age (χ^(2)=62.636,P<0.001).There was statistically significant difference in HPV infection rate between different years (χ^(2)=71.769,P<0.001).The infection rate in 2019 was the highest (27.61%),followed by 2020 (24.38%) and 2021 (22.67%),showing a decreasing trend year by year.Among all HPV positive patients,5 715 cases (72.19%) were high-risk type,1 190 cases (15.03%) were low-risk type,and 1 011 cases (12.78%) were mixed high and low risk type.The infection rate of single HPV type was 17.46%(5 629/32 233),and that of double HPV type was 4.78% (1 540/32 233).The infection rate of triple or more subtypes was 2.32% (747/32 233).The top 5 high-risk HPV subtypes were 52,58,16,51,53,respectively,and the proportion of infection was 16.20%,9.28%,8.11%,5.84% and 5.35%.The top 3 low-risk HPV subtype infections were 42,81,44,accounted for 5.38%,4.56%,3.69%,respectively.Conclusion:From 2019 to 2021,the infection rate in Ningbo showed a decreasing trend year by year,the infection types were mainly single type and high-risk type,with the increase of age,the infection rate showed a decreasing trend,among which,women under 40 years old has a higher infection rate.