某妇幼保健院口服片剂分剂量的现状及对策分析

Analysis of the current situation and countermeasures of oral tablet sub-dosing in a maternal and child health center

目的通过调查广东医科大学顺德妇女儿童医院2019年口服片剂分剂量的现状,为当前医院药品分剂量的研究和儿童安全用药提出对策及建议。方法调取该院2019年整年的住院和门诊的分剂量医嘱信息,统计分剂量药品使用人群的年龄区间、分剂量药品类别及主要规格、分剂量排前10的药物在科室中的分布、分剂量频次最高的药物在临床应用现状。结果该院分剂量药品使用人群年龄区间主要10周岁以内,住院部达到87%,门诊部达到93%;门诊部分剂量药品共12类166种,使用频次最高的药品为抗过敏药,占比为64%;住院部分剂量药品共13类121种,使用频次最高的药品为利尿药,占比22%。药品拆分剂量规格多达几十种,大多拆分剂量为1/2、1/3、1/4。分剂量频次排前10的药物主要在儿科门诊、急诊科、儿童呼吸专科门诊、耳鼻咽喉科门诊中使用较多,主要用于儿童呼吸系统疾病的治疗。分剂量频次最高的药物为氯雷他定片,其分剂量规格可达24种。结论儿童口服片剂的分剂量现象在医院普遍存在,反映出我国儿童适宜药品较为缺乏。为保障安全用药,国家和政府应加大对药品分剂量方面的关注,鼓励儿童药品与分剂量方法的研制开发。

Objective By investigating the current situation of divided doses of oral tablets in a maternal and child health care hospital in 2019,countermeasures and suggestions are put forward for the current research on divided doses of drugs in hospitals and safe medication for children.Methods The hospital’s doctor’s order information about inpatient and outpatient sub-dose was retrieved in 2019,including the age range of sub-dose drug users,subdose drug categories and main specifications,the distribution of sub-dose top ten drugs in the department,and subdose status of the most frequently used drugs in clinical application.Results The age range of the sub-dose drug users in the hospital was mainly within 10 years old,87%in the inpatient department and 93%in the outpatient department.There were 166 kinds of drugs in 12 categories in the outpatient department,and the most frequently used drugs were anti-allergic drugs,accounting for 64%.There were 121 kinds of drugs in 13 categories and the most frequently used drugs were diuretics,accounting for 22%.There were dozens of split dosage specifications for medicines,and most split dosages were 1/2,1/3,and 1/4,respectively.The top ten drugs by sub-dose frequency were mainly used in pediatric outpatient clinics,emergency departments,pediatric respiratory specialist outpatient clinics,and otolaryngology outpatient clinics,which was mainly used for the treatment of children’s respiratory diseases.The drug with the highest frequency of divided doses was loratadine tablets,which can be divided into 24different doses.Conclusion The phenomenon of divided doses of oral tablets for children is common in hospitals,reflecting the lack of appropriate drugs for children in China.To ensure the safe use of drugs,the state and government should pay more attention to the split-dose aspect of drugs,encourage the development of children’s drugs as well as split-dose methods.