负有照护职责人员性侵罪的保护法益问题研究

On the Sexual Assault of Caring Persons and the Legal Right of Protection

在《刑法修正案(十一)》增设负有照护职责人员性侵罪之前,我国《刑法》以14周岁作为划分性侵女性犯罪的对象年龄标准,因而对女性性权利的保护缺乏分级机制。《刑法修正案(十一)》增设本罪,是对我国性侵犯罪法益保护的极大优化。就本罪保护法益的解释而言,仍然应当坚持14周岁的性同意年龄标准。本罪的保护法益应当是已满14周岁不满16周岁女性的性自主决定权而非其身心健康。本罪保护法益的核心问题在于女性性同意真实性的欠缺。在女性基于真实的自愿而与负有照护职责人员发生性关系的场合,照护职责实际上并未产生影响,因不存在法益侵害,所以,应当否定本罪的成立。

Prior to"The Amendment of Criminal Law"(Article 11)adding the part concerning the sexual assault of caring persons,China’s Criminal Law designated the age at and under 14 years old as a threshold for sexual assault on female underage and hence lacked a stratified mechanism for the protection of women’s sex right."The Amendment of Criminal Law"(Article 11)is an optimization of legal right protection regarding sex crime.This amendment,though retaining the age above 14 years old as an age standard for sexual consensus,protects the female self-deciding right of sexual consensus of those above 14 yet below 18 years old rather than their physical and mental health.A core problem for this article is a lack of female sexual consensus authenticity.Hence,it may be supposed that there is no legal right infringement if a girl of that age has sex with a caring person based on volition and the caring responsibility is not realistically affected and hence this crime is negated.