政府购买社会组织环境服务中引入PPP模式的困境与应对

The Introduction and Construction of the PPP Mode in the Government’s Purchase of Environmental Services from Social Organizations

生态环境服务具有项目体量大、专业性和综合性强、投资期长、投资成本高、风险高等特征,环境服务供给必须对标高要求、高标准、高质量。政府购买环境服务中引入PPP模式,具有减轻财政负担、拓展购买范围、提高服务效率和质量、优化风险分配等显著优势,有利于优化环境服务供给体系,但由于政策供给不全、经费投入不足、环保行业表现疲软、监管缺位等问题,极易引发源头风险、过程风险等潜在风险。对此,我国应加快全面构建PPP模式,贯彻新发展理念,强化各方主体责任,激发环保市场活力,建立健全法规合同及科学精准的靶向监督机制,以防范化解生态环境服务供给领域的重大风险,实现PPP模式在政府购买环境服务中的高效应用。

Eco-environmental services have the special characteristics of large volume,strong professionalism and comprehensiveness,long investment period,high investment cost,and high risk.The supply of environmental services must have high requirements,high standards,and high quality.The introduction of the PPP mode in the government’s purchase of environmental services has significant advantages such as reducing financial burdens,expanding the scope of purchases,improving service efficiency and quality,and optimizing risk allocation,which are conducive to optimizing the environmental service supply system.However,due to insufficient policy supply,insufficient funding,weak performance of the environmental protection industry,and lack of supervision,it is very easy to cause potential risks such as source risks and process risks.Accordingly,Chinese government should speed up the comprehensive construction of PPP mode,implement new development concepts,strengthen the main responsibilities of all parties,stimulate the vitality of the environmental protection market,establish and improve regulatory contracts,and scientifically targeted supervision,so as to prevent and resolve major risks in the supply of ecological and environmental services,realize the high-quality application of PPP mode in the government’s purchase of environmental services.