数字技术开源社区的治理机制:基于悖论视角的双案例研究

The Governance Mechanism of Digital Technology-based Open Source Community:A Comparative Case Study from the Paradox Perspective

开展数字技术开源社区建设正成为企业构建持续竞争优势的新路径,其在治理过程中面临的悖论困境以及解决机制值得进一步研究。本研究基于“动机—协作—绩效”分析框架,探究悖论视角下共生型和共栖型数字技术开源社区的治理机制。具体而言,共生型数字技术开源社区强化技术驱动的开源信条,协调参与者内在价值认同动机和外显地位寻求动机的冲突;围绕核心技术产品进行组件式布局来实现开发人员的整合式协作,促进连贯式参与和碎片式参与的统一;强调以社会价值建设为驱动,基于社区用户体验提炼商业场景,推动社会价值与商业价值的迭代发展。而共栖型数字技术开源社区构建生态建设为核心的信任,解决内在自我增强动机与外显绩效激励动机的矛盾;围绕数据驱动创新场景进行差异化布局来实现开发人员的分布式协作,达成控制式参与和开放式参与的平衡;强调个体价值驱动型的价值创造,推进个体价值与生态价值的共同增益。本研究进一步明确创建企业与开源社区之间“各美其美、美美与共”协同发展的辩证关系,为数字技术开源社区这类创新联合体的悖论如何有效治理提供建议。

Employing the building of digital technology-based open source community is becoming an emerging path for firms to gain a sustainable competitive advantage.It is critical to examine the governance mechanism and solve the operational paradox.Based on the theoretical framework of motivation-participation-performance,this study constructs a governance model from a paradoxical perspective by comparing two types of digital technology-based open source communities:symbiotic and commensalistic.Specifically,symbiotic digital technology-based open source community attenuates the conflict between participants’internal value identification motivation and external status seeking motivation by constructing technology-based open source creed,realizes the unity of coherent participation and flexible participation through integrated collaboration,and integrates social value and commercial value through social value-empowering value delivery.In contrast,commensalistic digital technology-based open source community addresses the contradiction between internal self-enhancement motivation and external performance incentive motivation through eco-building-driven trust interoperability,realizes the balance between controlled participation and open participation through distributed collaboration,and integrates individual value and ecological value through individual value-empowering value delivery.This study further clarifies the dialectical relationship of coordinated development between the founding firm and digital technology-based open source community,and provides managerial implications for managing the paradox of innovation consortium such as digital technology-based open source community.