日粮纤维水平对新淮猪生长性能、血清生化指标、肠道相对重量和养分表观消化率的影响

Effects of high dietary fiber levels on the growth performance,serum biochemical indexes,gut relative weight and apparent digestibility of nutrients in Xinhuai pigs

试验以24头160日龄平均体重(52.32±1.31)kg新淮猪为研究对象,分别饲喂未添加米糠的玉米-豆粕低纤维日粮(对照组)和加入34.8%的米糠替代部分玉米的高纤维日粮(试验组),试验期75 d,探究不同纤维水平日粮对新淮猪生长性能、血清生化指标、肠道相对重量和养分表观消化率的影响,为育肥新淮猪合理使用纤维日粮以及评估地方猪耐粗饲提供理论依据。结果表明:日粮中高纤维日粮显著降低了平均日采食量、上午采食量和下午采食量(P<0.01),但对平均日增重和料重比无显著影响。与对照组相比,试验组的血液生化指标、肠道相对重量均无显著影响,但试验组直肠的相对重量有升高趋势(P=0.099)。与对照组相比,试验组的粪便粗蛋白(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)和中性洗涤纤维(NDF)的表观消化率均无显著差异,但粗纤维(CF)的消化率显著增加(P=0.033)。2组结肠的CP、EE、CF和NDF表观消化率均无显著差异。结论:高纤维日粮显著降低了新淮猪的平均日采食量,但对新淮猪平均日增重和料重比无不利影响,对后肠的能量利用、粗蛋白及中性洗涤纤维的表观消化率无负面影响,且对粗纤维的表观消化率有一定的促进作用。

This study investigated the effects of different fiber levels in the diet on the growth performance,serum biochemical indices,intestinal relative weight and nutrient apparent digestibility of Xinhuai pigs,hopefully to provide theoretical basis for rational use of fiber diet in fattening Xinhuai pigs and for evaluation of rough feeding tolerance of local pigs.A total of 24 fattening Xinhuai pigs,with similar bodyweight(52.32±1.31)kg and age(160 d)were used and allocated to two groups.The pigs fed with corn-soybean meal low-fiber diet without rice bran(the control group),and those fed with 34.8%rice bran for 75 days(the experimental group).The results showed as follows:High fiber diet significantly reduced the average daily feed intake,morning feed intake and afternoon feed intake(P<0.01)of the pigs,but had no significant effects on their average daily gain and feed/gain ratio.Compared with the control group,the experimental group had no significant effect on the blood biochemical indexes and intestinal relative weight.However,the relative weight of rectum in the experimental group tended to be higher than that in the control group(P=0.099).In addition,the digestibility of crude fiber(CF)was significantly increased in the experimental group(P=0.033).There were no significant differences in the apparent digestibility of CP,EE,CF and NDF between the two groups of pigs.In conclusion,high level of dietary fiber significantly reduced the average daily feed intake of Xinhuai pigs,but had no adverse effects on their average daily gain and feed/gain ratio,and had no negative effects on the hindgut energy utilization,apparent digestibility of crude protein and neutral detergent fiber,but had certain promoting effect on the apparent digestibility of crude fiber in the pigs.