肠道微生物与家畜生殖功能研究进展

Advances in studies on gut microbiota and reproductive function of livestock

肠道微生物群作为动物体内一个复杂而庞大的微生态系统,有着以细菌为主的数千种不同的种属。它们与宿主多个组织、器官存在密切的相互作用,能够调控宿主的能量代谢,影响机体免疫、内分泌和生殖功能。本文概述了家畜肠道微生物群随着宿主生长发育和不同生殖生理期而变化的规律,对性腺激素、精子发生、发情周期、妊娠泌乳和生殖疾病的影响,并指出肠道微生物群研究存在的问题,为肠道微生物在家畜生殖的功能研究提供参考。

Gut microbiota is a huge ecosystem in animals,dominated by bacteria,which include thousands of species and genera.They have close interactions with multiple tissues and organs of the host and regulate the energy metabolism and affect the immune endocrine and reproductive functions of the body.Here,we have summarized the changes in gut microbiota at different stages of growth and development and in different reproductive physiological periods,as well as their influence on sex steroid hormones,spermatogenesis,estrous cycle,pregnancy,lactation and reproductive diseases.Then,we have pointed out the existing problems in the study of gut microbiota,hoping to provide reference for further research on the gut microbes in livestock reproduction function.