闽西菜用型马铃薯新品种比较试验

Comparative Test of New Table Potato Varieties in Western Fujian

闽西属马铃薯南方二作区,开展新品种引进筛选对于带动闽西马铃薯品种的更新升级具有重要意义。于2022年在龙岩市开展抗病优质菜用型马铃薯新品种引进筛选试验,对参试的10个马铃薯品种物候期、农艺性状、块茎性状、抗病性、丰产性和块茎品质等综合性状进行鉴定和评价,旨在筛选出适宜闽西推广种植的马铃薯新品种。产量超过对照品种‘费乌瑞它’并存在极显著差异的新品种有5个:‘中薯20号’‘闽薯2号’‘闽诚8号’‘闽薯1号’和‘中薯3号’,其鲜薯产量分别为2267,2251,2246,2170和2155 kg/667m2,分别较对照品种‘费乌瑞它’增产17.76%、16.94%、16.68%、12.73%和11.95%。生育期分别为83,80,78,80和82 d;单薯重分别为123.26,99.04,118.16,121.86和114.26 g;商品薯率分别为94.18%、90.22%、91.42%、95.70%、94.95%。这5个品种营养成分丰富,蒸食食味好。田间表现晚疫病轻度发生,花叶病毒病、卷叶病毒病、青枯病、早疫病病害均未发生。因此,‘中薯20号’‘闽薯2号’‘闽诚8号’‘闽薯1号’‘中薯3号’可以进一步试验。

Western Fujian belongs to the two cropping region in southern China.The introduction and screening of new varieties is of great significance to promote the updating of potato varieties in western Fujian.In 2022,the introduction and screening test of new table potato varieties with disease resistance and high quality were carried out in Longyan City to identify and evaluate the phenology,agronomic characters,tuber characters,disease resistance,yield,tuber quality and other characters of 10 potato varieties,aiming to screen new potato varieties suitable for extension in western Fujian.Five new varieties,’Zhongshu 20’,’Minshu 2’,’Mincheng 8’,’Minshu 1’and’Zhongshu 3’,outyielded the control’Favorita’,with difference being highly significant.Yields of the five varieties were 2 267,2 251,2 246,2 170 and2 155 kg/667m~2,respectively,increased by 17.76%,16.94%,16.68%,12.73%and 11.95%,compared with the contro’Favorita’.Growth duration of the five varieties was 83,80,78,80 and 82 days,respectively;mean tuber weight was123.26,99.04,118.16,121.86 and 114.26 g,respectively;and marketable tuber percentage was 94.18%,90.22%,91.42%,95.70%and 94.95%,respectively.They were rich in nutrients,and tastes good when steamed.In field,late blight occurs slightly,and no such diseases as mosaic virus disease,leaf roll virus disease,bacterial wilt,and early blight were found.Therefore,’Zhongshu 20’,’Minshu 2’,’Mincheng 8’,’Minshu 1’and’Zhongshu 3’could be further tested.