肺部超声在小儿肺炎疗效判断中的价值及准确率分析

Analysis of the Value and Accuracy of Lung Ultrasound in Judging the Curative Effect of Children with Pneumonia

目的 探讨肺部超声用于小儿肺炎诊断准确率及疗效评估中的价值。方法 选取南京市高淳人民医院于2019年3月—2021年8月期间接诊的58例疑似小儿肺炎患儿,均先后分别采取超声与X线检查及复查,统计对比两种检查方式的诊断准确率、灵敏度、特异度等。结果 58例疑似小儿肺炎患儿以胸部CT结果作为金标准,诊断出肺炎37例,非肺炎21例。超声检查确诊肺炎35例,非肺炎19例,2例出现漏诊和误诊;X线检查确诊肺炎25例,非肺炎11例,12例出现误诊和漏诊。超声检查诊断的敏感度94.59%、特异性90.48%及准确度93.10%高于X线检查,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.461、6.950、6.716,P<0.05)。结论 针对小儿肺炎实施肺部超声检查,优势突出,可重复检查,准确率高,且对患儿无辐射损伤,安全性高,为临床治疗方案的制订提供可靠依据,可推广。

Objective To investigate the value of lung ultrasonography in the diagnosis accuracy and curative effect evaluation of children with pneumonia. Methods Fifty eight suspected children with pneumonia were selected from Nanjing Gaochun People′s Hospital from March 2019 to August 2021. All of them were examined and reexamined by ultrasound and X-ray, respectively. The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of the two examination methods were statistically compared. Results Among 58 children with suspected pneumonia, chest CT results were used as the gold standard, and 37 cases were diagnosed with pneumonia and 21 cases without pneumonia. Ultrasonography confirmed 35 cases of pneumonia, 19 cases of non-pneumonia, and 2 cases of missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis. X-ray examination confirmed 25 cases of pneumonia, 11 cases of non-pneumonia, and 12 cases of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis. The diagnostic sensitivity of ultrasound examination was94.59%, specificity of 90.48% and accuracy of 93.10% were higher than those of X-ray examination, and the difference was statistically significantt(χ^(2)=7.461, 6.950, 6.716, P<0.05). Conclusion Lung ultrasonography for children with pneumonia has outstanding advantages, repeatable examination, high accuracy, no radiation damage to children, and high safety. It provides a reliable basis for the formulation of clinical treatment plans and can be promoted.