线上亲职小组对农村家长亲职效能感提升的干预研究

Intervention Research on the Online Parenting Group for the Enhancement of Rural Parents'Self-efficacy

当前我国社会正在经历深刻的数字化转型,结合新技术创新服务模式是作为实践科学的社会工作承担数字化使命的重要体现。在欠发达地区,农村家长对子女关怀不足,农村儿童各类行为和心理健康问题突出。以往研究表明,较高的家长亲职效能感水平对于缓解养育压力、促进儿童保护和身心健康发展具有重要作用。基于认知行为疗法,本文首次尝试构建一个适合我国农村家长的线上亲职教育服务方案并进行初步应用,采用随机对照试验方法,将在湖北省黄冈市乘马岗镇Y小学招募的学生家长随机分为干预组和对照组,通过腾讯会议软件为干预组开展四阶段、八节次的线上小组服务,采用过程评估和结果评估分别对服务效果进行前测、后测、追踪测量以及焦点小组访谈。研究发现,线上亲职小组服务作为一种成本效益良好、较能符合农村家长需求的服务方案,对提升农村家长的亲职效能感、改善亲子关系具有较为积极的作用。未来需继续完善干预方案和评估机制,通过扩大样本的范围,持续推广该干预项目。

Our society is currently undergoing a profound digital transformation.How to combine the new technology innovation service mode is an important embodiment of undertaking the digital mission as a practical and scientific social work.In underdeveloped areas,rural parents commonly did not provide adequate care for their children,resulting in various behavioral and mental health problems of rural children.Previous studies have shown that parents5 parenting self-efficacy level plays an important role in alleviating parental rearing pressure,promoting child protections and physical and mental health development.Based on the theory of cognitive behavior therapy,this research is the first attempt to develop an online parenting education service protocol suitable for rural parents and carry out a preliminary application.By randomly allocating the recruited parents of Y primary school in Chengmagang Town,Huanggang City,Hubei Province into an intervention group and a control group,this study delivered four-stage and eight-session online parenting group service to the intervention group via Tencent Meeting software.This study employed both process evaluation and outcome evaluation,and the Pre-test,post-test,followup test,and focus group interviews were conducted to evaluate the effects of the intervention service.Results showed that the online parenting group,as a relatively highly cost-effectiveness service method that could meet the needs of rural parents and has a positive significance in improving rural parents5 self-efficacy and the parent-child relationship.Based on this findings,this paper discussed relevant suggestions for further improving online parent group services in the context of the digital transformation of the society.In the future,it is necessary to continue to improve the intervention protocol and evaluation mechanism,as well as to apply the online parenting group to a larger extent by expanding the scope of the sample.