新中国成立以来我国烈士纪念设施内涵的政策变化与发展

Policy Changes and Development of The Connotation of Martyr Memorial Facilities in China Since the Founding of the People's Republic of China

烈士纪念设施的概念经历了从早期的“烈士纪念建筑物”到现在的“烈士纪念设施”的变化过程,但对于这一变化的内涵并没有更多发展性的解释。与“烈士纪念建筑物”相比,“烈士纪念设施”概念具有更丰富的内涵,它是以烈士纪念建筑物为核心、以文化史料及展陈解释为表达工具、以烈士纪念设施保护单位为服务保障主体的相互依赖的系统,由为纪念烈士修建的建筑设施、史料文化和组织设置三个子系统构成。“烈士纪念建筑物”重点强调保护,而“烈士纪念设施”更加强调通过遗存物理保护、史料文化解析、组织管理服务充分发挥其核心教育功能。这为新时代烈士褒扬政策更新提供了学理支撑。

In the policy of praising martyrs,the concept of martyr memorial facilities has undergone a change from the early“martyr memorial buildings”to the current“martyr memorial facilities”.However,the connotation of this change has not been given more developmental explanations,and the expression of“buildings”has been basically followed.The research found that the concept of“martyr memorial facilities”has a richer connotation.It is an interdependent system with martyr memorial buildings as the core,cultural and historical materials and exhibition interpretation as the expression tool,and the protection unit of martyr memorial facilities as the service guarantee subject.It is composed of three subsystems,namely,building facilities built to commemorate martyrs,historical materials and culture,and organizational settings.“Martyrs memorial buildings”focus on protection,while“martyrs memorial facilities”focus on giving full play to the core educational function through the physical protection of remains,the analysis of historical materials and culture,and the organization and management service system.This research provides academic support for the renewal of the policy of praising martyrs in the new era.