杭州市大学生中医体质与学业倦怠的相关分析

The TCM-based constitution classification of college students in Hangzhou and its correlations with their educational burnout

目的了解大学生的中医体质分布与学业倦怠状况,探讨大学生中医体质和学业倦怠的相关性,旨在为改善大学生学业倦怠提供依据。方法采用横断面调查法,运用一般资料问卷、《中医体质分类与判定》及连榕学业倦怠量表,以整群随机抽样的方法,对杭州市340名在读本科生进行调查,并运用SPSS软件对其进行统计学分析。结果杭州市大学生学业倦怠得分为(60.16±0.472)分,学业倦怠发生率为56.88%;中医体质类型:平和质占20.63%,偏颇体质占79.37%;秩和检验显示阳虚质、气虚质、气郁质、特禀质的学业倦怠得分高于平和体质(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归显示,性别、年级、阳虚质、气虚质是学业倦怠的危险因素(均P<0.05),结果提示男生较女生学业倦怠发生率高、年级越高学业倦怠发生率越高、体质为阳虚质或气虚质的学生较平和体质学生学业倦怠发生率高;广义线性回归结果显示阳虚质、气虚质、痰湿质、湿热质、血瘀质、气郁质对比平和质,对大学生情绪低落有一定影响(均P<0.05);痰湿质、湿热质对比平和质,对大学生低成就感有一定影响(均P<0.05)。结论杭州市大学生学业倦怠问题突出,中医体质特征能够预测大学生的学业倦怠,应把握中医体质与学业倦怠的密切关系,采取针对性措施,改善大学生学业倦怠状况。

Objective To understand the distribution of traditional Chinese medicine constitution and academic burnout of college students,and explore the correlation between traditional Chinese medicine constitution and academic burnout of college students,in order to provide a basis for improving academic burnout of college students.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 340 undergraduate students in Hangzhou by means of the general data questionnaire,the Classification and Determination of Constitution in TCM and the Lianrong Academic Burnout Scale and a cluster random sampling method.SPSS software was used for statistical analysis.Results The score of academic burnout of Hangzhou university students was(60.16±0.472),and the incidence of academic burnout was 56.88%.Types of TCM constitution:average state accounted for 20.63%,and biased constitution accounted for 79.37%;The rank sum test showed that the scores of academic burnout of Yang-deficiency state,Qi-deficiency state,Qi-stagnation state and special intrinsic state were higher than those of average state(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression showed that gender,grade,Yang-deficiency state and Qi-deficiency state were the risk factors for academic burnout(all P<0.05).The results indicated that boys had a higher incidence of academic burnout than girls,the higher the grade was,the higher the incidence of academic burnout was,and the students with Yang-deficiency state or Qi-deficiency state had a higher incidence of academic burnout than the students with average state.The results of generalized linear regression showed that compared with average state,Yang-deficiency state,Qi-deficiency state,phlegm-dampness state,dampness-heat state,blood-stasis state and Qi-stagnation state had a certain effect on the depression of college students(all P<0.05).Phlegm-dampness state,dampness-heat state had a certain effect on the low sense of achievement of college students,compared with average state(all P<0.05).Conclusion The problem of academic burnout of college students in Hangzhou is prominent.The characteristics of TCM constitution can predict the academic burnout of college students.We should grasp the close relationship between TCM constitution and academic burnout and take targeted measures to improve the situation of academic burnout of college students.