公共卫生事件之刑法应对所面临的风险及其教义学反思——以新冠肺炎疫情为例

Risks and Doctrinal Reflection on Criminal Law Response to Public Health Events——Taking COVID-19 as an Example

在对以“新冠”肺炎疫情为代表的公共卫生事件的防控中,“非常状态”下的刑事法律在应对妨害公共卫生事件之防治的犯罪和一般犯罪上,既面临不同的法律风险,其规范体系的法律效力及内部又存在冲突;而从刑法教义学及未来的角度来看,需要解决空白罪状补充规范的适用问题,厘清妨害公共卫生事件防控之行为的罪名界限及相关罪名的定罪标准,对其他犯罪行为采用并准确把握宽严相济的差异性刑事政策。

In the prevention and control of public health events represented by COVID-19,the criminal law under the"emergency state"faces different legal risks in dealing with the prevention and control of public health events and general crimes,and there exist internal conflicts in the legal effect of its normative system.From the per⁃spective of the doctrine of criminal law and the future,it is necessary to solve the application of the supplementary norm of blank crime,clarify the charge boundary of prevention and control of public health incidents and the convic⁃tion standard of related charges,and adopt and accurately grasp the different criminal policies of combining punish⁃ment with leniency for other crimes.