中国油区地热开发利用进展

Progress and prospective of geothermal exploitation and utilization in oil fields of China

地热与石油是共生于沉积盆地的2种资源。地热能开发利用与油气相关技术高度融合。中国油区地热资源丰富,拥有大量废弃钻井、地热利用市场空间巨大。梳理了中国油区地热资源勘查评价与开发利用技术现状,包括地热地球物理勘探技术、地热地质评价技术、地热开发技术和地热利用方式等,指出其当前发展过程中面临着资源条件限制决策者、技术创新力度不够、激励政策不够完善等挑战。提出可采用深井直接换热技术、多分支径向水平井取热技术、热电发电技术、纳米技术等新兴技术加快油田地热开发利用。

Geothermal energy and petroleum are two kinds of resources coexisting in sedimentary basins.The exploitation and the utilization of the geothermal energy are highly integrated into the oil and gas related technologies.Oil fields in China contain rich geothermal resources,with a large number of abandoned drilling wells,and a huge geothermal utilization market space.This paper reviews the geothermal resource exploration,evaluation,development and utilization technologies in oil fields of China,including the geothermal geophysical exploration technology,the geothermal geological evaluation technology,the geothermal development technology and the geothermal utilization methods.However,the geothermal development and utilization in oil fields still poses some challenges,for example,the resource condition constraints the decision making,the insufficient technological innovation,and the imperfect incentive policies.Finally,some emerging technologies are proposed to accelerate the geothermal development and utilization in oil fields,such as the deep well direct heat transfer technology,the multi-branch radial horizontal well heat capture technology,the thermoelectric power generation technology and the nano technology.