直肠癌永久性肠造口患者的营养状况现状

Nutritional status of rectal cancer patients with permanent enterostomy

目的调查直肠癌永久性肠造口患者的营养状况。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2019年1月—2021年5月在南京医科大学第一附属医院门诊复查的180例直肠癌永久性肠造口患者为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、患者主观整体营养评估量表(PG-SGA)、中文版造口患者社会心理适应量表(OAI-20)进行调查,采用Pearson相关性分析探讨营养状况与造口适应水平的相关性。共发放问卷180份,回收有效问卷173份,有效回收率为96.11%。结果173例直肠癌永久性肠造口患者PG-SGA总分为(7.85±3.23)分,OAI-20总分为(41.89±2.48),其中138例患者发生营养不良,35例患者营养良好。营养不良组与营养良好组患者在年龄、造口并发症、化疗史、造口适应水平等方面比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,直肠癌永久性肠造口患者OAI-20总分与PG-SGA总分呈负相关(r=-0.723,P<0.01)。结论直肠癌永久性肠造口患者营养状况较差,且营养状况与造口适应水平相关。

Objective To investigate the nutritional status of rectal cancer patients with permanent enterostomy.Methods From January 2019 to May 2021,the convenient sampling was used to select 180 rectal cancer patients with permanent enterostomy who were reexamined in the Outpatient Department of the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University as the research objects.The general information questionnaire,Patient Generated-Subjective Global Assessment(PG-SGA)and Chinese version of Ostomates'Adjustment Inventory-20(OAI-20)were used for investigation.Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between nutritional status and stoma adaptation level.A total of 180 questionnaires were distributed and 173 valid questionnaires were recovered,with an effective recovery rate of 96.11%.Results The total score of PG-SGA and OAI-20 were respectively(7.85±3.23)and(41.89±2.48)among 173 rectal cancer patients with permanent enterostomy and 138 patients were malnourished and 35 patients were well nourished.There were statistically significant differences in age,stoma complications,history of chemotherapy and stoma adaptation between the malnutrition group and the well-nutrition group(P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the total score of OAI-20 was negatively correlated with the total score of PG-SGA in rectal cancer patients with permanent enterostomy(r=-0.723,P<0.01).Conclusions The nutritional status of rectal cancer patients with permanent enterostomy is poor,and the nutritional status is related to the level of stoma adaptation.