中国国家创新系统模式选择研究:理论、历史与实践

Choice of National Innovation System Model in China:Theory,History and Practice

国家创新系统模式选择对社会创新活动的组织形式具有重大意义。理论上其取决于经济社会发展阶段、政府与市场关系、创新资源供给等因素。实践中位居世界前列的创新型国家均基于本国国情,妥善对这三个决定性因素进行了制度安排。回溯历史,中国创新系统发展始终面临国家创新模式转换,以及激发国家创新源头活力、合理厘定政府科技事权、完善科技发展共识形成机制等挑战。结合中国经验完善中国国家创新系统,未来需着力于加强市场机制建设以强化市场功能、完善科技创新活动的成本定价制度、注重科技供给与应用适配。

The choice of national innovation system model is of great significance for the organization form of social innovation activities.Theoretically,it depends on the stage of economic and social development,the relationship between government and market,and the supply of innovation resources.In practice,the world’s leading innovative countries have made appropriate institutional arrangements for these three decisive factors based on their national conditions.In retrospect,the current development of China’s innovation system faces the challenges in transforming the national innovation model,as well as stimulating the vitality of national innovation sources,reasonably defining governmental authority in science and technology,and improving the consensus formation mechanism for science and technology development.To improve China’s national innovation system in the light of China’s experience,we need to focus on strengthening the market mechanism in order to enhance the market function,improving the cost pricing system of science and technology innovation activities,and focusing on the adaptation of science and technology supply and application.