正交试验法结合信息熵理论优化玄参生物活性成分的提取工艺

Optimization of Extraction Technology of Bioactive Components from Scrophularia ningpoensis by Orthogonal Test Combined with Information Entropy Theory

【目的】探明不同因素对玄参生物活性成分提取的影响,筛选最佳提取工艺,为进一步提高玄参的利用率及标准化提取工艺的制定奠定基础。【方法】采用单因素试验研究甲醇体积分数(20%、30%、40%、50%和60%)、液固比(mL/g,10∶1、20∶1、30∶1、40∶1、50∶1和60∶1)、提取时间(30 min、45 min、60 min和75 min)及提取次数(1次、2次、3次和4次)4个因素对玄参哈巴苷、哈巴俄苷、肉桂酸和总黄酮等生物活性成分提取量的影响,并在此基础上采用L_(9)(3^(4))正交试验结合信息熵赋权法确定各指标的客观权重系数,优化玄参生物活性成分的提取工艺。【结果】在其他条件固定的情况下,当甲醇体积分数为40%时,哈巴苷、哈巴俄苷、肉桂酸和总黄酮的提取量最高,分别为1.49 mg/g、1.37 mg/g、0.35 mg/g和1.31 mg/g;当液固比为30∶1时上述4种成分提取量最高,分别为1.49 mg/g、1.26 mg/g、0.47 mg/g和1.35 mg/g;当提取时间为60 min时4种成分提取量最高,分别为1.26 mg/g、1.32 mg/g、0.35 mg/g和1.36 mg/g;当提取次数为2次时4种成分提取量最高,分别为1.28 mg/g、1.23 mg/g、0.42 mg/g和1.26 mg/g。通过信息熵理论将哈巴苷、哈巴俄苷、肉桂酸和总黄酮提取量的权重系数确定为0.25757391、0.20556271、0.26600669和0.27085670。经正交试验得出玄参的最佳提取工艺为甲醇体积分数30%、液固比20∶1、提取时间60 min、提取次数1次,此条件下玄参哈巴苷、哈巴俄苷、肉桂酸及总黄酮的提取量依次为1.61 mg/g、1.14 mg/g、0.55 mg/g和2.33 mg/g,RSD均小于3%(n=3)。【结论】优化后的提取工艺稳定性好,活性成分提取量高,可为玄参药材标准化提取工艺的制定提供参考。

【Objective】The effects of different factors on the extraction of Scrophularia ningpoensis bioactive components are explored,and then the optimum extraction technology is screened,so as to lay a foundation for the further increase in utilization of S.ningpoensis and formulation of standardized extraction technology.【Method】The effects of methanol volume fraction(20%,30%,40%,50%and 60%),liquid-solid ratio(10∶1,20∶1,30∶1,40∶1,50∶1 and 60∶1 mL/g,),extraction time(30 min,45 min,60 min and 75 min)and extraction times(1,2,3 and 4)on the extraction of harpagide,harpagoside,cinnamic acid,total flavonoids and other bioactive components are studied by single factor test.On this basis,the objective weight coefficient of each index is determined by the orthogonal experiment combined with the information entropy weighting method to optimize the extraction process of S.ningpoensis bioactive components.【Result】With the constant condition,when the methanol volume fraction is 40%,the highest extraction amount of harpagide,harpagoside,cinnamic acid and total flavonoids are 1.49 mg/g,1.37 mg/g,0.35 mg/g and 1.31 mg/g respectively;when the liquid-solid ratio is 30∶1,the highest extraction amount of the above four components are 1.49 mg/g,1.26 mg/g,0.47 mg/g and 1.35 mg/g respectively;When the extraction time is 60 min,the highest extraction amount of the four components are 1.26 mg/g,1.32 mg/g,0.35 mg/g and 1.36 mg/g respectively;When the extraction times are 2 times,the highest extraction amount of the four components are 1.28 mg/g,1.23 mg/g,0.42 mg/g and 1.26 mg/g respectively.The weight coefficients of harpagide,harpagoside,cinnamic acid and total flavonoids contents are determined as 0.25757391,0.20556271,0.26600669 and 0.27085670 by information entropy theory.The optimum extraction process of S.ningpoensis by orthogonal experiment include 30%of methanol volume fraction,20∶1 of liquid-solid ratio,extracting for 60 min for one time.The extraction amount of harpagide,harpagoside,cinnamic acid and total flavonoids is 1.61 mg/g,1.14 mg/g,0.55 mg/g and 2.33 mg/g respectively,and RSD is less than 3%(n=3).【Conclusion】The optimized extraction process has good stability and high extraction amount of active components,which can provide a reference for the formulation of standardized extraction process of S.ningpoensis.