鸡胚性别鉴定方法研究进展

Research Progress on Methods for Sex Identification of Chick Embryos

鸡胚性别的鉴定关系家禽生产的经济效益。目前我国鸡胚性别鉴定仍停留在种蛋孵化后对幼雏进行性别判定,其劳动强度大、自动化程度较低,且废雏的处理会导致经济损失并引发伦理问题。因此,研究孵化早期鸡胚性别鉴定技术是家禽产业的迫切需求,实现其在线检测也是亟待突破的瓶颈问题。文章从鸡种蛋孵化期间的胚胎性别鉴定着手,总结了近年来国内外鸡种蛋孵化期间胚胎性别检测领域的新兴技术和研究进展,指出了有待解决的问题和发展前景,为我国该领域的研究提供参考。

The identification of chicken embryo sex is directly related to the economic benefits of poultry production. At present, the sex identification of chicken eggs in China is still based on sex determination of young chicks after hatching, which is labor-intensive and low-automation, and the disposal of abandoned chicks will lead to economic losses and ethical issues. Therefore, it is an urgent need for poultry industry to study the technology of sex identification of early hatching chicken embryos, and the realization of its online detection is also a bottleneck problem that needs to be broken through. This paper focused on the identification of embryo sex during the incubation of chicken eggs, summarized the emerging technologies and research progress in the field of embryo sex detection during incubation of chicken eggs at home and abroad in recent years, and pointed out the problems to be solved, in order to provide a comprehensive reference for research in this field in China.