电动汽车磁场与电场混合耦合型无线电能传输技术综述

Review of Inductively and Capacitively Hybrid Coupled Wireless Power Transfer Technologies for Electric Vehicles

磁场与电场混合耦合无线电能传输技术是一种结合电场耦合以及磁场耦合实现无线电能传输的技术,具有空间结构紧凑和抗偏移能力强等优点,能够弥补传统电动汽车无线充电系统抗偏移性能差和功率密度低的缺点。首先以磁场耦合式与电场耦合式无线电能传输技术为切入点,阐明各自的工作原理、技术优势及缺陷不足,介绍磁场与电场混合耦合型无线电能传输技术的发展背景;其次针对电动汽车无线充电的应用,从耦合机构、补偿网络、电力电子变换器及其控制策略、传输水平对国内外研究现状展开论述;最后指出目前亟待解决的问题以及未来的发展趋势。

The inductively and capacitively hybrid coupled wireless power transfer(HWPT)technology combines inductive coupling and capacitive coupling to achieve wireless power transfer,which has advantages of a compact space structure and a better performance under misalignment.Therefore,it can overcome the shortcomings of a conventional wireless charging system for electric vehicles,such as a poor performance under misalignment and a low power density.First,the inductive power transfer(IPT)and capacitive power transfer(CPT)technologies are taken as the starting point,their working principle,technical advantages and deficiencies are elaborated upon,respectively,and the development background of the HWPT technology is introduced.Then,with regard to the application of wireless charging for electric vehicles,the current status of domestic and international research is reviewed from four perspectives,i.e.,coupling mechanism,compensation network,power electronic converter and the corresponding control strategy,and transfer level.Finally,the existing problems are pointed out,and the development trend in the future is prospected.