航空发动机叶尖间隙在线测量技术研究综述

A review of online blade tip clearance measurement technologies for aeroengines

叶尖间隙是航空发动机设计和试验的关键参数,直接影响发动机的工作效率和运行安全。航空发动机叶尖间隙的实时在线监测已成为测试大纲中的必备项目。随着新型航空发动机的发展,叶尖间隙测量技术进一步成熟和深入。介绍了叶尖间隙在线测量原理,阐述了系统典型结构及常用测量流程,归纳了叶尖间隙在线测量的6大关键技术,详细分析了放电探针法、光纤法、电容法、电涡流法和微波法等叶尖间隙测量方法的工作原理、性能特征、关键技术发展历程及未来发展方向,对比总结了各种方法的研究成果和最新产品,提出了叶尖间隙测量领域的发展趋势与展望,从6个方面总结了叶尖间隙测量领域的未来重点研究方向,为后续研究提供参考。

Blade tip clearance is a key parameter in the process of aeroengines design and test,which directly affects the efficiency and safety.Real-time online monitoring of blade tip clearance for aeroengines has become an essential item in the test program.With the development of new aeroengines,blade tip clearance measurement technologies become more mature and in-depth.This paper introduces the basic measurement principle of blade tip clearance,describes the typical structure and common measurement process of the system,and summarizes six key technologies of the online blade tip clearance measurement.Measurement methods including the discharge probe method,the optical fiber method,the capacitance method,the eddy current method and the microwave method are analyzed in details to introduce their working principles,characteristics,research progress and future research directions.Research results and the latest products of various measurement methods are compared and summarized.The development trend and prospect for blade tip clearance measurement are put forward.Key research directions of the blade tip clearance measurement are summarized from six aspects,which provide references for the follow-up research.