《西游记》的忧患意识与释厄主题

Awareness of Potential Dangers and Theme of Overcoming Adversities of Journey to the West

中华文化中传统的忧患意识与礼义精神、仁爱精神、淑世精神以及担当精神、志道精神紧密相连。《西游记》是一部饱含忧患意识的作品,其作者从忧患意识出发,采用象征手法,通过孙悟空帮助唐僧西天取经的故事,以释厄为主题,探索由凡而圣理想人格的形成以及实现理想的太平治世的途径,即明代志于道的知识分子,用游戏笔墨表达了“三教归一”与“超凡入圣”的济世主张。作品通过心猿——孙悟空的成长历程,展示了中华民族特有的“超凡入圣”的道德修养之路。

The awareness of potential dangers in ancient Chinese culture and literature is the core of Chinese cultural tradition,which is closely related to the spirit of propriety,benevolence,salvation,responsibility and ambition.Journey to the West is a work full of potential danger awareness.Starting from the sense of hardship and using symbolic techniques,the author ofJourney explores the way of realizing ideal personality and peaceful and prosperous society by a story of going to the west for Buddhist scriptures.The intellectuals in the Ming Dynasty who keep the truth in mind expressed the idea of“unifying the three religions”and“transcendently entering the holy world”with game-playing writing style,and demonstrated the unique life path of“transcendently entering the holy world”of the Chinese nation through the growth process of Sun Wukong.