据法阐释与辩思解释的融贯——中国语境下的法治思维方式塑造

The Coherence of Dogmatic Interpretation and Dialectical Interpretation:The Shape of the Rule of Law Thinking Mindset in China

据法阐释的思维方式奠基于形式逻辑,其构成法治思维的基本特征。有学者认为,法治思维与辩证思维难以兼容,是反法治或瓦解法治的思维方式。能印证这一判断的是,后现代法学思潮用辩思方法论证了法律的可废止性及法律推理的不可能性,进而提出法治危机论。可后现代法学重解构轻建构,反而是传统的基础法学提出了法律论证、实质推理、法律渊源等外部征用的补救方法。这些方法运用辩思解释打开了法律的封闭性,同时从完善法律推理的大前提来展示法治命题的可能性,这些外部征用的法律论证方法是辩思解释的组成部分。需要指出的是,虽然纯粹的辩思无法直接推进法治,但法治思维的塑造离不开以辩证法为基础的辩思。与法治中国相匹配的法治思维,需要融贯据法阐释与辩证思维,持法达变是其基本形式。

Interpretation according to law bases on the formal logic,and clarity is the basic characteristic of the rule of law thinking.There is view that rule of law thinking cannot compatible with dialectical thinking,and dialectical thinking is a mode of thinking that anti-rule of law or dismantles the rule of law.This judgment is confirmed by the fact that postmodern jurisprudence uses dialectical thinking to argue for the abrogability of law and the impossibility of legal reasoning,and then proposes a crisis theory of the rule of law.But postmodern jurisprudence only deconstructs but not constructs,instead,traditional basic jurisprudence comes up with the rescue methods of legal argumentation,substantive reasoning,legal sources and other external expropriation.Although these methods use dialectical interpretation to open up the closeness of law,they demonstrate the possibility of the proposition of rule of law from the premise of perfecting legal reasoning.These methods of external expropriation are part and parcel of dialectical interpretation.It is only that in the past thinking,dialectical interpretation was not placed in a fundamental position.It needs to be realized that while pure dialectic cannot advance the rule of law,rule of law thinking cannot be shaped without dialectic-based dialectic.The rule of law thinking that matches with the rule of law in China needs to integrate legal interpretation and dialectical thinking,and holding the law to achieve change is its basic form.