监督救济编的调整范围与框架构想——强化整体型行政的法律监督与控制

The Adjustment Scope and Framework of the Supervision and Relief System:Also On Strengthening the Legal Supervision and Control of Holistic Administration

在行政法典编纂中,监督救济制度是否需要纳入行政法典、其调整范围与监督救济手段如何确定等,都是不能回避的基本问题。考虑到行政法体系的完整性要求,需要将监督救济制度纳入法典整体一并编纂,单独设编,以避免出现监督救济制度缺位及与其他部分衔接不足而导致的结构性缺陷。监督救济编受制于行政法典的整体构造,也需要与公共行政活动编及行政组织编相呼应。为回应我国“大公共行政”的实践需要,监督救济编需要强化整体型行政的法律监督与控制,其调整范围要覆盖政府的所有职能,包括政府的发展职能和外部管理职能,监督救济手段也需要在现有制度的基础上进一步补充与完善,以实现对我国公共行政的全面监督与救济。监督救济编作为行政基本法典的重要组成部分,将提升行政基本法典面向国家治理未来需求的能力。

In the compilation of administrative code,whether the supervision and relief system needs to be incorporated into the administrative code,how to determine its scope and means are basic issues.Considering the integrity of the administrative law system,it is necessary to incorporate the supervision and relief system into the code,so as to avoid the structural defects.The supervision and relief system is subject to the structure of the administrative code,and also needs to correspond with the public administrative activities system and the administrative organization system.In response to the practical needs of“great public administration”in China,the adjustment scope of the supervision and relief system should cover all the functions of the government,including the development function and external management function of the government.The means of supervision and relief also need to be further supplemented and improved on the basis of the existing system,so as to realize the comprehensive supervision and relief of China’s public administration.As an important part of the basic administrative code,the codification of supervision and relief will enhance the ability of the basic administrative code to meet the future needs of national governance.