北京市怀柔区范崎路K29+500 m处崩塌成因分析与成功预警处置启示

Factorial analysis and pre-warning practice of collapse at K29+500 m Fanqi Road in Huairou District,Beijing

近年来怀柔区崩塌灾害频发,2021年怀柔区发生崩塌灾害50起,占当年北京市突发灾害48%,已成为怀柔区最主要地质灾害类型。怀柔区崩塌多沿道路沿线展布,具有数量多、规模小、监测难、隐蔽性强、易发性高、预警预报难度大等特征。统计数据表明,崩塌发灾时间与降雨密切相关,空间分布受地质环境影响明显,地层岩性、活动构造、人类工程活动是崩塌灾害的主控因素。2022年7月1日至6日怀柔区范崎路K29+500 m先后发生3次不同规模崩塌灾害,分析总结其成因机制,探讨成功预警启示,可为类似情况下防灾减灾工作提供参考。

Recent years have seen frequent collapses in Huairou,which have become the major type of geological disasters in this District.In 2021,a total of 50 collapse disasters occurred here,accounting for 48%of all sudden disasters in Beijing.Most of the collapses are distributed along roads,with the characteristics of small scale,frequent occurrence,difficult monitoring and earlywarning.Statistics show that the time of collapse is closely related to rainfall,and the spatial distribution is obviously affected by the geological environment.Stratigraphic lithology,active structure and human engineering activities are the main controlling factors of these collapse disasters.From July 1 to 6,2022,three collapse disasters of different scales occurred successively at K29+500 m of Fanqi Road,Huairou District.Analyses and summaries of the causal mechanism and pre-warning practices can provide applicable references for future disaster prevention and mitigation in similar situations.