论德沃金之平等观

On Dworkin’s Concept of Equality

德沃金在“平等”命题的研究上倾注了大量的心血,从而让“平等观”成为其法律和政治理论的中心思想。德沃金对平等理论的研究主要是围绕两个核心,即“同等关注原则”和“同等重要原则”而展开的,这两个核心都包含了对所有人基本平等的承认。德沃金认为,平等是自由的前提,自由是平等的核心组成部分,他对基本平等的解释涵盖了个人和政治两个层面。在个人平等层面,德沃金通过阐述尊严、关键利益、生命的神圣性等诸多相关的概念来关注个人自治的平等,也就是个人自主权的平等。在政治平等层面,德沃金则认为,政治平等应该努力确保每个公民在人民主权、政治参与、社区政治对话等多个维度上享有相同的参与机会和发言权。

By devoting himself to the study of the proposition of“equality”,Dworkin has made the“concept of equality”become the central idea of his legal and political theory.Dworkin’s research on equality theory is mainly centered around two cores,namely,the“principle of equal concern”and the“principle of equal importance”,both of which contain the recognition of the basic equality of all people.Dworkin believes that equality is the premise of freedom,and freedom is the core component of equality.His interpretation of basic equality covers both personal and political aspects.At the level of individual equality,Dworkin focuses on the equality of individual autonomy by elaborating many related concepts such as dignity,key interests,and the sanctity of life.At the level of political equality,Dworkin believes that political equality means that we should strive to ensure that every citizen enjoys the same opportunity to participate and voice in many dimensions,such as people’s sovereignty,political participation and community political dialogue.