新型铰接式重力锚的设计及其性能研究

Study on the design and performance of a new articulated gravity anchor

重力锚锚固是一种常见的锚固形式。为了能够提供足够的水平承载力,传统型式的重力锚普遍比较笨重,在上拔回收时会产生较大的竖向吸附力,不利于重复利用。针对此问题,设计了一种新型铰接式重力锚,并阐述了其铺设与回收方案。其次采用有限元方法对其整体强度进行了校核,结果均符合规范。最后基于模型试验,对铰接式重力锚在黏土中的运动过程进行了研究,进而确定了其在黏土中的水平承载力和回收时的上拔力。结果表明:相较于传统重力锚,新型铰接式重力锚在确保水平承载性能的基础上,能够大幅减小上拔力,从而有效地降低铺设和回收作业的难度,且可适应多种海底土质,但该锚型仅适用于悬链线式系泊系统。相关研究结果可为实际工程中铰接式重力锚的设计提供参考。

Gravity anchor is a common form of anchorage.In order to provide sufficient horizontal bearing capacity,the traditional gravity anchor is generally bulky,resulting in a larger vertical uplift force when pulling up,which is not conducive to reuse.To solve this problem,a new articulated gravity anchor was designed,and its deploying and retrieving methods were expounded.Then,the overall strength was checked by finite element method,and the results agreed with the specification.By means of the model test,the movement process of articulated gravity anchor in clay was studied,and its horizontal bearing capacity and the vertical uplift force during recovery were determined.The results show that:compared with the traditional gravity anchor,the new articulated gravity anchor can greatly reduce the uplift force on the basis of ensuring the horizontal bearing capacity,so as to effectively reduce the difficulty of deploying and retrieving operations,and it can adapt to a variety of seabed soil.However,this type of anchor is only applicable to catenary mooring system.The test results of this paper can provide reference for the design of articulated gravity anchor in practical engineering.