肠内营养安全护理方案对危重症患者营养状况及喂养不耐受的影响

Effect of enteral nutrition safety nursing program on nutritional status and feeding intolerance in severe patients

目的 探讨肠内营养安全护理方案对危重症患者营养状况及喂养不耐受的影响。方法 选取2021年1-12月收治的危重症患者85例为研究对象,按照组间基线资料可比的原则,分为观察组43例和对照组42例。对照组行常规营养管理,观察组实施肠内营养安全护理方案,比较两组干预前及干预7 d营养状况、急性生理与慢性健康(APACHE Ⅱ)评分、肠内喂养不耐受发生率、预后情况及患者满意率。结果 观察组干预7 d时血红蛋白(Hb)、白蛋白(ALB)、转铁蛋白(TF)水平高于对照组(P<0.05),干预后观察组营养风险筛查评分(NRS2002)评分、APACHE Ⅱ评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组机械通气时间及入住ICU时间短于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组喂养不耐受发生率低于对照组(P<0.05),而观察组喂养满意率高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 肠内营养安全护理方案能有效预防危重症患者胃肠喂养不耐受,改善患者营养状况,有利于重症患者预后及病情转归,提高患者满意度。

Objective To investigate the effects of enteral nutrition safety nursing program on the nutritional status and feeding intolerance of severe patients. Methods 85 severe patients admitted in the hospital from January to December 2021 were selected as study subjects. According to the principle of comparable baseline data between groups, they were divided into observation group(43 cases) and control group(42 cases). The control group received routine nutrition management, and the observation group received enteral nutrition safety nursing program. The nutritional status, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation(APACHE Ⅱ) score, incidence of enteral feeding intolerance, prognosis and patient satisfaction rate of the two groups were compared before intervention and after intervention for 7 days. Results After intervention for 7 days, the levels of hemoglobin(Hb),albumin(ALB) and transferrin(TF) in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).After intervention, the nutritional risk screening score(NRS2002) and APACHE Ⅱ score in the observation group were lower than the control group(P<0.05). The mechanical ventilation time and ICU stay time of observation group were shorter than the control group(P<0.05). The incidence offeeding intolerance in the observation group was lower than the control group(P<0.05), and the feeding satisfaction rate in the observation group was higher than the control group(P<0.05). Conclusion The safety nursing program of enteral nutrition could effectively prevent gastrointestinal feeding intolerance in severe patients, improve the nutritional status of patients, and enhance the prognosis and outcome of severe patients, as well as patient satisfaction.