快速康复外科护理模式在妇科恶性肿瘤术后预防下肢深静脉血栓中的作用

The role of rapid rehabilitation nursing mode in preventing deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity after gynecological malignant tumor surgery

目的探讨快速康复外科护理模式对妇科恶性肿瘤术后下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)的预防作用。方法选取井冈山大学附属医院2019年4月—2022年4月收治的100例妇科恶性肿瘤患者,按基本资料具有可比性的原则分为对照组和观察组,各50例。对照组采用常规护理;观察组在对照组基础上运用快速康复外科护理模式;比较患者术后DVT发生情况及两组凝血指标的变化。结果实施快速康复外科护理模式后,观察组术后DVT发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组手术结束后肢体开始活动、胃肠开始排气、术后开始进普食的时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);D-二聚体低于对照组,凝血酶原时间高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);下肢股静脉、腘静脉最大血流速度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论快速康复外科护理模式可减少妇科恶性肿瘤术后下肢深静脉血栓的发生率,改善患者术后高凝状态。

Objective To investigate the preventive effect of rapid rehabilitation surgical nursing mode on deep vein thrombosis(DVT)of lower extremity after gynecological malignant tumor surgery.Methods 100 gynecological malignant tumor patients admitted in the Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University from April 2019 to April 2022 were selected and divided into control group and observation group with 50 cases in each group according to the principle of comparability of basic data.The control group received routine nursing,the observation group was treated with rapid rehabilitation surgery nursing mode on the basis of control group.The occurrence of postoperative DVT and the changes of coagulation indexes between the two groups were compared.Results After the implementation of rapid rehabilitation surgery nursing mode,the incidence of postoperative DVT in the observation group was lower than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After the operation,the time of limb movement,gastrointestinal exhaust and postoperative intake of normal food in the observation group was shorter than the control group,the difference was statistically signifi cant(P<0.05).The D-dimer was lower than the control group,and the prothrombin time was higher than the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The maximum blood flow velocity of femoral vein and popliteal vein of lower limb was higher than the control group,and the diff erence was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Rapid rehabilitation surgery nursing mode could reduce the incidence of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis after gynecological malignant tumor surgery and improve the postoperative hypercoagulability of patients.