考虑物流策略和公平偏好的闭环供应链决策研究

Research on Closed-Loop Supply Chain Decision-Making Considering Logistics Strategy and Fairness Concerns

考虑销售商的公平关切行为,构建了物流外包和物流自营两类闭环供应链模型,运用博弈理论求解,分析了销售商公平关切行为对企业决策的影响,并探讨了制造商物流策略选择对供应链效率和稳定性的影响。研究表明,销售商利润和效用随着销售商公平关切程度的增大而提升,批发价格和制造商利润随着销售商公平关切程度的增大而降低,且制造商和销售商利润之间呈此消彼长的变化关系。供应链总利润不受销售商公平关切的影响,但供应链系统的效用随销售商公平关切程度的增强先减小后增大。当第三方物流服务成本与制造商物流自营成本差距较小时,物流自营是制造商的最优选择且此时供应链达到稳定状态;当第三方物流服务成本与制造商物流自营成本差距较大时,物流外包是制造商的最优选择且此时供应链达到稳定状态;当第三方物流服务成本与制造商物流自营成本差距适中时,闭环供应链存在不稳定性。相较于物流自营闭环供应链,物流外包闭环供应链系统在应对销售商公平关切的影响时具有更强的稳定性。

Considering the seller’s fairness concern behaviors,two types of closed-loop supply chain models of logistics outsourcing and logistics self-operation were constructed.Game theory was used to solve the models.The influence of sellers’fair concern behaviors on enterprise decision-making was analyzed.The influence of the manufacturer’s logistics strategy selection for supply chain efficiency and stability was discussed.The results show that seller’s profit and utility is increased with the increase of seller’s fairness concern,while the wholesale price and profit of manufacturers decrease with the increase of seller’s fairness concern,and there is a reciprocal relationship between manufacturer’s profit and seller’s profit.The overall profit of the supply chain is not affected by the fairness concern.However,the utility of the supply chain system decreases first and then increases with the increase of seller’s fairness concerns.When the gap between the third-party logistics service cost and the manufacturer’s self-supporting logistics cost is small,the self-operated logistics is the best choice for manufacturers and the supply chain reaches a stable state.When there is a big gap between the cost of third-party logistics service and the cost of the manufacturer’s self-operating logistics,the logistics outsourcing is the best choice for manufacturers and the supply chain reaches a stable state.A stable closed-loop supply chain cannot be formed when the gap between the third-party logistics service cost and the manufacturer’s self-operating logistics cost is moderate.Compared with the selfoperated closed-loop supply chain of logistics,the logistics outsourcing supply chain system has stronger stability in dealing with the influence of the seller’s fairness concern.