《资治通鉴》所记吐谷浑四郡之设立辨误--兼谈《隋书·吐谷浑传》的历史书写

Chronology Errors of the Establishment of the Four Counties in Tuyuhun in Comprehensive Mirror for Aid Government:on the Historical Writing of Biography of Tuyuhun in Sui Shu

《资治通鉴》将鄯善、且末、西海、河源四郡设立于吐谷浑故地之事,重复系于隋朝大业四年、大业五年。后一处记载本自《隋书·炀帝纪》,有大业五年御驾亲征的史实为支撑。前一处本自《隋书·吐谷浑传》,其文于大业四年宇文述初胜伏允后,直接接续最终战果,忽略炀帝亲征之事,造成《通鉴》编年之误。《隋书·吐谷浑传》不记炀帝亲征,与魏徵反对其穷兵黩武和驳斥裴矩的态度有关。

Comprehensive Mirror for Aid Government repeated the establishment of Shanshan,Qiemo,Xihai and Heyuan counties in Tuyuhun's hometown in the fourth and fifth year of Daye.The latter is based on Biography of Emperor Yang in Sui Shu,which is supported by the historical facts of the imperial expedition in the fifth year of Daye.The former is based on Biography of Tuyuhun in Sui Shu,which directly recorded the final results after Yuwen Shu*s first defeating Fu Yun in the fourth year of Daye,ignoring Emperor Yang's imperial expedition,and resulting in the chronological error of Comprehensive Mirror for Aid Government.The fact that Biography of Tuyuhun in SuiShu did not record Emperor Yang's imperial expedition is related to Wei Zheng,s opposing attitude towards Emperor Yang's militarism and refuting Pei Ju.