纳米纤维掺杂对硅橡胶电学性能的影响

Effect of Nanofiber Doping on Electrical Properties of Silicone Rubber

为进一步提高硅橡胶的闪络电压和疏水性能,本文采用碳化硅纳米线、碳纳米纤维和多壁碳纳米管掺杂硅橡胶,制备纳米纤维复合涂层材料,研究不同掺杂含量的纳米纤维对复合涂层材料耐压性能、介电性能、疏水性能的影响。结果表明:在直流电压下,质量分数为0.1%碳化硅纳米线复合涂层材料的耐压性最好,与硅橡胶裸片相比闪络电压提高了31%;在交流电压下,质量分数为0.05%碳纳米纤维复合涂层材料的耐压性最好,与硅橡胶裸片相比闪络电压提高了11%。在介电性能测试中,质量分数为0.05%碳纳米纤维复合涂层材料的介电常数最小。接触角测试结果显示,纳米纤维改性硅橡胶复合涂层材料的疏水性能均有所提高,其中质量分数为0.17%的碳化硅纳米线复合涂层材料的静态接触角最大,为115.8°,说明碳化硅纳米线复合涂层材料的表面润湿性能增大。

In order to further increase the breakdown voltage and hydrophobic properties of silicone rubber,silicon carbide nanowire,carbon nanofiber,and multi-wall carbon nanotube were doped into silicone rubber to prepare nanofiber composite coating materials.The effect of nanofiber doping content on the voltage resistance,dielectric properties,and hydrophobic properties of the composite coating materials were studied.The results show that the voltage resistance of the composite coating material doped with 0.1%mass fraction of silicon carbide nanowires is the best under DC voltage,and the flashover voltage increases by 31%compared with the silicone rubber sheet.Under AC voltage,the composite coating material doped with 0.05%mass fraction of carbon nanofiber has the best voltage resistance,and the flashover voltage increases by 11%compared with the silicone rubber sheet.In the test of dielectric properties,the dielectric constant of the composite coating material doped with 0.05%mass fraction of carbon nanofiber is the smallest.The results of contact angle test show that the hydrophobic properties of silicon rubber composite coating materials modified by nanofibers are improved,and the static contact angle of the composite coating material modified by 0.17%mass fraction of silicon carbide nanowires is the largest,which is 115.8°,indicating that the surface wettability of silicon carbide nanowires composite coating material is improved.