国内外优秀男子职业高尔夫球员一号木挥杆技术三维对比分析

Three-Dimensional Comparative Analysis on the Driver Swing Technique between Chinese and Foreign Elite Male Professional Golfers

目的:探究中国男子职业高尔夫球员与国外PGA锦标赛优秀职业球员一号木挥杆技术差异和影响击球效果的运动控制变量。方法:采用三维录像解析方法对6名中国男子职业高尔夫球员和6名国外PGA锦标赛职业球员一号木挥杆技术动作进行分析。结果:1)国外球员的击球瞬间杆头线速度(CSI)和出球速度(V_(exit))显著大于国内球员(P<0.05),CSI和V_(exit)呈正相关(P<0.05),杆头偏移位移(D4)与出球角度(AD)呈正相关(P<0.05);2)国外球员与国内球员的过渡时间(T1)具有显著性差异(P<0.05),T1与CSI、V_(exit)、峰值X-因子具有显著相关性(P<0.05);3)国外球员与国内球员的上杆顶点X-因子、峰值X-因子、手腕运动开始时的前臂角度(A9)具有显著性差异(P<0.05),横向肩角变化量(ΔA2)与起飞角(AL)呈正相关(P<0.05),峰值X-因子与Vexit呈正相关(P<0.05),A9与CSI和Vexit呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论:1)国外球员的挥杆速度与击球效果比国内球员更具优势,提高挥杆速度是提高出球速度和增加击球距离的有效途径,减少准备与击球时的杆头偏移位移是减小出球角度和提高击球精度的有效途径;2)国内球员与国外球员相比,上杆顶点附近的过渡时间较少,建议适当延长过渡时间,有利于增加峰值X-因子,从而提高CSI和V_(exit),以达到增加击球距离的目的;3)准备姿势横向躯干角、上杆顶点横向球杆角是影响出球角度的相关指标,准备与击球的横向肩角变化量是影响起飞角度的相关指标,增大上杆顶点时X-因子和峰值X-因子、延迟手腕释放的时间有利于提高出球速度。

Objective: To explore the difference of full swing technique between Chinese elite male professional golfers and foreign PGA elite professional golfers and the motion control variables affecting the hitting effect. Methods: The three-dimensional motion analysis method is used to analyze the full swing technical movements of 6 national male professional golf players and 6 foreign PGA professional golf players. Results: 1) Club head linear speed at impact and ball exit speed of foreign players were significantly greater than domestic players(P<0.05), the club head linear speed at impact was positively correlated with the ball exit speed(P<0.05),and the club head migration displacement was positively correlated with ball exit angle(P<0.05);2) there was significant difference in transition time between the two groups(P<0.05),the transition time had a significant correlation with the club head linear speed at impact, the ball exit speed and peak X-factor(P<0.05);3) there were significant differences in the top of backswing X-factor, peak X-factor and the angle of left forearm at wrist release between the two groups(P<0.05), the change of lateral shoulder angle was positively correlated with takeoff angle(P<0.05), and the peak X-factor was positively correlated with the ball exit speed(P<0.05), the left forearm angle was positively correlated with the club head linear speed at impact and the ball exit speed(P<0.05). Conclusions: 1) The foreign players’ swing power and hitting effect are better than the domestic players, improving the swing speed is an effective way to improve the ball exit speed and increase the hitting distance, reducing the club head migration displacement from preparation to hitting is an effective way to reduce the ball exit angle and improve the hitting accuracy;2) compared with foreign players, domestic players have less transition time, it is suggested to prolong the transition time appropriately, which is conducive to increasing the peak X-factor, thereby improving the club head linear speed and the ball exit speed, so as to achieve the purpose of increasing the hitting distance;3) trunk flexion angle in preparation posture and lateral club angle at the top of backswing are the relevant indicators that affect the ball exit angle, the change of lateral shoulder angle from preparation to hitting is the relevant indicators that affect the take-off angle, larger X-factor at the top of backswing and peak X-factor and delayed release of wrist movement are conducive to improving the ball exit speed.