论平台企业搜索降权行为的反垄断法规制

On the Anti-monopoly Law Regulation of the Act of Reducing Users′Search Rights by Platform Enterprises

数字时代平台企业基于平台、数据及算法等技术优势掌握着海量信息资源,其作为市场交易管理者,有义务保证平台内信息资源客观性和公正性的呈现。随着数字平台生态系统圈的构建,平台企业利用搜索降权的惩罚性措施的平台规则操作信息搜索结果的垄断问题已越来越突出,搜索降权行为破坏有序的竞争秩序且减损市场创新活力、损害经营者与消费者合法权益,应将之列入反垄断的监管范围。处于市场支配地位的平台企业对搜索结果实施干预的搜索降权构成何种滥用市场支配地位行为,以及运用反垄断法规制平台企业的此类市场活动中面临的相关市场界定细则缺少、市场支配地位认定难、滥用市场支配地位举证难及操作搜索技术认定机构及人才缺乏等问题,亟须在反垄断法的具体适用环节中予以进一步重视,并加以细化明确。

In the digital era,platform enterprises grasp massive information resources based on technical advantages such as platforms,data,and algorithms.As market transaction managers,they have the obligation to ensure the objectivity and impartiality of information resources in the platform.With the construction of the digital platform ecosystem circle,the monopoly problem of platform enterprises operating information search results by using the platform rules of the punitive measures of reducing users′search rights has become more and more prominent.The behavior of reducing users′search rights destroys the orderly competition order,impairs the market innovation vitality,and damages the legitimate rights and interests of operators and consumers should be included in the scope of anti-monopoly supervision.The problems faced by platform enterprises in a dominant position in the market,such as the lack of rules defining the market,the difficulty in determining the dominant position,the difficulty in proving the abuse of the dominant position,and the lack of institutions and talents to operate the search technology,need to be further addressed in the specific application of anti-monopoly law.