社区空巢与非空巢高血压老年人焦虑状况差异分析

Differential Analysis of Anxiety Status between Empty-nest Elderly Population and Non-empty-nest Elderly Population with Hypertension in the Community

目的:调查社区空巢与非空巢高血压老年人焦虑状况及相关因素,为降低空巢高血压老年人焦虑水平提供建议。方法:于2020年7—9月,在上海市虹口区欧阳路街道选取400名社区高血压老年人,其中,空巢高血压老年人250人,非空巢高血压老年人150人。采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)以及自行设计的问卷进行调查。结果:空巢高血压老年人总体焦虑水平高于非空巢高血压老年人(t=3.191,P<0.05)。60~69岁、80~89岁、女性、在婚、非在婚、子女数量>1以及无居委会支持的空巢高血压老年人比非空巢高血压老年人焦虑水平更高,差异有统计学意义(t值分别为1.988、2.550、3.420、2.017、3.001、2.789、3.700,P值均<0.05)。结论:与非空巢高血压老年人相比,空巢高血压老年人更加焦虑,具有居委会支持的空巢高血压老年人焦虑水平较低。在有限的社区资源下,有侧重的居委会支持,可以有效降低空巢高血压老年人的焦虑水平,提高其生活质量。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the correlation between empty nest living situation and anxiety status of hypertensive elders in the community and related factors,and to provide suggestions for reducing the anxiety level of hypertensive empty-nest elderly population.METHODS From July to September 2020,400 hypertensive elders in the community were selected in Ouyang Road street of Hongkou district in Shanghai,and were surveyed using the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)and a self-designed questionnaire.RESULTS The overall anxiety level of empty nest hypertensive elders was higher than that of non-empty nest hypertensive elders,empty-nest hypertensive elders of 60~69 years old,80~89 years old,female,married,non-married,having more than 1 children,and having no community support had higher levels of anxiety than non-empty-nest hypertensive elders.(t=1.988,2.550,3.420,2.017,3.001,2.789,3.700,P<0.05).CONCLUSION Empty-nest hypertensive elders were more anxious non-empty nest hypertensive elders,and those having community support had lower levels of anxiety.With limited community resources,focused community support may be effective in reducing the anxiety level and improving the life quality of hypertensive empty-nest elder population.