基于农场尺度的农田土壤养分空间分布特征

Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Farmland Soil Nutrients Based on Farm Scale

基于地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)与地统计学原理,使用软件ArcGIS 10.0地统计分析模块研究山东省黄河三角洲农业高新技术产业示范区土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、盐分含量和pH值等土壤养分的空间变异情况,并采用空间局部插值法分析,直观了解研究区土壤养分丰缺状况。结果表明,与20~40 cm土层相比,0~20 cm土层土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾和盐分含量较高,但pH值较低。0~20 cm土层土壤速效钾含量的空间相关性最强,块金系数0.1704;土壤速效磷和盐分含量的空间相关性均为中等,块金系数分别为0.2983和0.3034,受结构性因素和随机性因素共同影响;土壤pH和碱解氮含量的空间相关性较弱,块金系数分别为0.5726和0.6279,受随机性因素影响较大。

Based on geographic information system and statistical principle,the ArcGIS 10.0 Geostatistical Analyst module was used to study the spatial variability of soil nutrients such as alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content,available phosphorus content,available potassium content,salt content and pH value in the Agricultural High-tech Industrial Demonstration Area of the Yellow River Delta of Shandong Province.Kriging spatial interposition method was used for spatial interpolation analysis to intuitively understand the soil nutrients abundance and deficiency in the study area.The results showed that compared with the 20—40 cm soil layer,the 0—20 cm soil layer had higher contents of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content,available phosphorus content,available potassium content,and salt content,but lower pH value.The spatial correlation of soil available potassium content in 0—20 cm soil layer is the strongest,and the nugget coefficient is 0.1704;The spatial correlation of soil available phosphorus and salt content is moderate,and the nugget coefficients are 0.2983 and 0.3034,respectively,which are affected by both structural and random factors;The spatial correlation between soil pH and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content is weak,and the nugget coefficients are 0.5726 and 0.6279,respectively,which are greatly affected by random factors.