以循证指导的健康教育对甲状腺功能减退患者的影响

The Effect of Evidence-based Health Education on Patients with Hypothyroidism

目的:分析以循证指导为核心理念的健康教育在甲状腺功能减退患者的康复治疗过程中的作用。方法:选取2020年3月—2021年3月河南科技大学第一附属医院收治的76例甲状腺功能减退症患者作为研究对象,采用随机数表法分为观察组(以循证指导为核心理念的健康教育)和对照组(传统健康宣教模式),每组各38例。对比两组患者护理前后对健康疾病知识的掌握程度、生活质量(情绪状态、躯体健康、社会功能、身体疼痛)、甲状腺功能指标(游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸、游离甲状腺素、促甲状腺素)水平以及并发症发生率。结果:健康教育前,两组患者对健康疾病知识的掌握评分、生活质量评分以及甲状腺功能指标水平比较,差异无统计学意义(t=0.792、0.185、0.114、0.427、0.365、0.396、0.880、0.083、0.137,P>0.05);健康教育后,观察组患者对健康疾病知识的掌握评分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=31.534、33.387,P<0.05);且该组患者的情绪状态、躯体健康、社会功能、身体疼痛评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=32.889、26.136、29.916、18.785,P<0.05),观察组患者的游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸与游离甲状腺素水平高于对照组,而促甲状腺素低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=2.262、2.355、2.085,P<0.05);健康教育后,观察组患者的并发症发生率显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.316,P<0.05)。结论:以循证指导为核心理念健康教育模式的实施,能够明显提高甲状腺功能减退症患者对健康疾病知识的掌握程度,侧面提升患者对医护人员的依从性,推动患者康复进程,并显著提高该疾病患者的生活质量,同时有效改善甲状腺功能指标水平状态,除此之外,大幅度降低其并发症的发生概率,效果显著。

Objective:To analyze the role of health education with evidence-based guidance as the core concept in the rehabilitation of patients with hypothyroidism.Methods:A total of 76 patients with hypothyroidism who were admitted to the hospital from March 2020 to March 2021 were selected as the research objects and divided into observation group(health education with evidence-based guidance as the core concept)and control group(traditional health education model),with 38 cases in each group.The degree of mastery of health disease knowledge,quality of life(emotional state,physical health,social function,physical pain),and thyroid function indicators(free triiodothyronine,free thyroxine,and thyrotropin)levels and complication rates were compared between the two groups of patients before and after nursing.Results:Before health education,there was no statistically significant difference in the scores of mastery of health disease knowledge,quality of life and thyroid function indicators between the two groups(t=0.792,0.185,0.114,0.427,0.365,0.396,0.880,0.083,0.137,P>0.05).After health education,the scores of patients in the observation group on mastering knowledge of health diseases were significantly higher than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=31.534,33.387,P<0.05).The scores of emotional state,physical health,social function and physical pain in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(t=32.889,26.136,29.916,18.785,P<0.05).The levels of free triiodothyronine and free thyroxine in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,while the levels of thyrotropin were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(t=2.262,2.355,2.085,P<0.05).After health education,the incidence of complications in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=5.316,P<0.05).Conclusion:The implementation of the health education model with evidence-based guidance as the core concept can significantly improve the knowledge of health diseases in patients with hypothyroidism,improve patients’compliance with medical staff,promote the recovery process of patients,and significantly improve patients with this disease.At the same time,it can effectively improve the level of thyroid function indicators.In addition,it can greatly reduce the probability of its complications,and the effect is remarkable.