“知道”与“知人”的统一——焦循《述难》中的经典诠释思想

The Unity of “Knowing Dao”and “Knowing People”——Jiao Xun’s Classical Interpretive Thought in Shu Nan

在中国经典诠释传统研究领域,学界对“述”本身的重视还略显不足。焦循关于“述”的思想集中体现在五篇《述难》之中。梳理相关文献,可以提炼出焦循根植于中国经典诠释传统,又极具自身特色的“述”之思想。首先,焦循提出了“述作无等差”的基本观念;其次,焦循之“述”是一种“知道”与“知人”的统一;最后,焦循还提出了相关的诠释原则与方法。焦循的“述”之思想既有鲜明的自身特点,又体现了中国经典诠释传统整体层面的某些共同特质,可以为中国诠释学研究提供参考。

In the field of traditional research on the interpretation of Chinese classics, the academic circle pays less attention to “shu” itself. Jiao Xun’s thoughts on “Shu”are embodied in five Shu Nan. Combing the relevant literature can extract Jiao Xun’s thought of “Shu” rooted in the traditional interpretation of Chinese classics, with its own characteristics. Firstly, Jiao Xun put forward the basic concept of “there is no equal difference between‘Shu’and‘Zuo’”. Secondly, Jiao Xun’s “Shu” is a unity of “knowing Dao” and “knowing people”. Finally, Jiao Xun also proposed relevant interpretation principles and method. Jiao Xun’s thought of “Shu” not only has its own distinctive characteristics, but also embodies some common characteristics of the overall level of the traditional Chinese classical interpretation, which can provide a reference for the study of Chinese hermeneutics.