营商环境与企业中间品进口多元化:来自中国的证据

Business Environment and Diversifi cation of Firms’ Intermediate Imports: Evidence from China

在中间品贸易模型中引入制度性摩擦,文章从理论上揭示出营商环境对企业中间品进口多元化的影响,并使用匹配的微观企业数据进行研究发现:(1)改善营商环境能显著地促进中国企业中间品进口多元化,表现为进口来源地多元化和相对进口份额的分散化。(2)改善营商环境对高技术行业企业、非国有企业、出口企业等中间品进口多元化的促进作用要分别比低技术行业企业、国有企业、非出口企业更强。(3)改善营商环境通过提高企业社会信用水平、改善融资约束条件和扩大企业生产规模,促进了企业中间品进口多元化。(4)无论是改善省份知识产权保护,还是改善对生产者合法权益保护,都对企业中间品进口多元化产生显著的促进作用。据此,构建一流的营商环境,加强知识产权保护,营造良好的社会信用机制,优化企业融资约束,有利于提高企业分散进口供应链风险的能力。

By introducing institutional friction into the intermediate trade model, we theoretically reveal the impact of business environment on the diversification of firms’ intermediate imports, and uses the matched micro firm-level data to study. The results show:(1) the improvement of business environment can significantly promote the import diversification of Chinese firms’ intermediate goods, which is manifested in the wider range of import sources and the diversification of relative import shares.(2) the improvement of business environment has a stronger role in promoting the import diversification of intermediate products for high-tech industry firms, non-state-owned firms and export firms than low-tech industry firms, state-owned firms and non-export firms.(3) the improvement of business environment has promoted the diversification of Chinese firms’ intermediate imports by promoting the social credit level of firms, improving the financial constraints and expanding the production scale of firms.(4) whether it is to improve the protection of provincial intellectual property rights or the protection of legitimate rights and interests of producers, it will significantly promote the import diversification of Chinese firms’ intermediate products. Therefore, building a first-class business environment, strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights, creating a good social credit mechanism, and optimizing the financing constraints of firms are conducive to promoting the ability of firms to disperse the risks of import supply chains.