基于光纤传感的工业生产线智能装配系统

Intelligent assembly system of industrial production line based on optical fiber sensing

工业生产线的智能装配技术是提高生产线工作效率,保证产品统一性的关键手段。日趋复杂的工业产品结构对智能装配控制精度的要求也越来越高,其中,基于实时在线测量的反馈校正技术成为了研究热点。为了实现工业生产线智能装配过程的柔性测量,提出了基于光纤传感的反馈式装配控制方法。该系统采用多FBG传感器获取装配结构实时应变,由不同封装FBG传感器完成温度应变解耦。最终通过神经网络学习的方式完成对位置偏移程度进行换算,实现装配位置实时校正。采用Matlab对螺钉结构装配过程进行仿真,模拟了不同长度和施力大小的螺钉应力分布,结果显示螺钉长度越长,相同作用力下应变越大。并且螺钉的主要应变集中在螺孔边缘位置。实验分别采用悬臂梁应变标定实验获取不同封装状态的拟合曲线,采用温度标定实验消除应变测试数据中的温漂效应,采用位置偏移实验获取校正参数。结果显示,对于长度为15.0 mm的螺钉,系统平均解算精度约为0.0123 mm/N,对于长度为20.0 mm的螺钉,系统平均解算精度约为0.0221 mm/N,并且具有很好的线性度。

The intelligent assembly technology of the industrial production line was a key means to improve the work efficiency of the production line and ensure the uniformity of the products.Increasingly complex industrial product structures have higher requirements for intelligent assembly control accuracy.Among them,feedback correction technology based on real-time online measurement has become a research hotspot.In order to realize the flexible measurement of the intelligent assembly process of industrial production lines,a feedback assembly control method based on optical fiber sensing was proposed.The system uses multiple FBG sensors to obtain the real-time strain of the assembly structure,and the temperature strain decoupling was completed by different packaged FBG sensors.Finally,the conversion of the degree of position deviation was completed by the way of neural network learning,and real-time correction of the assembly position was realized.Matlab was used to simulate the screw structure assembly process,and the stress distribution of screws with different lengths and force levels was simulated.The results show that the longer the screw length,the greater the strain under the same force.And the main strain of the screw is concentrated on the edge of the screw hole.In the experiment,the cantilever beam strain calibration experiment is used to obtain the fitting curves of different package states,the temperature calibration experiment is used to eliminate the temperature drift effect in the strain test data,and the position shift experiment is used to obtain the correction parameters.The results show that for a screw with a length of 15.0 mm,the average resolution of the system is about 0.0123 mm/N,and for a screw with a length of 20.0 mm,the average resolution of the system is about 0.0221 mm/N,and it has good linearity.