基于经济-社会-生态价值的耕地价值量核算研究--以Y市为例

Cultivated Land Value Accounting Based on Economic-Social-Ecological Value:A Case Study of Y City

为建立无量纲的耕地质量等级与可货币量化的耕地价值量的连接,以Y市耕地质量等级评价结果为基础,探究不同质量等级耕地价值。研究方法:收益还原法,影子价格法,当量因子法。结果表明:(1)Y市不同等级耕地,地均综合价值介于35.37~158.53万元/hm2区间;其中地均经济价值介于4.60~21.59万元/hm2区间;地均社会价值介于30.35~134.67万元/hm2区间;地均生态价值介于0.43~2.27万元/hm2区间;耕地价值量随耕地等级的降低而减少。(2)耕地综合价值中,社会价值占比超过经济价值,成为耕地价值核算中不可忽视的重要部分,社会、经济、生态价值占比依次减少。(3)不同等级耕地的地均综合价值量存在显著级差,耕地质量等级差额愈大,价值量差距愈大。5~10相邻等级耕地价值量差值远高于1~5等级耕地即相邻低等级耕地间价值量差异较高等级更大。该研究尝试打破原有耕地价值核算研究中区域耕地同质化的固有假设,显化了耕地的质量等级价值。未来应根据耕地不同质量等级探索制定兼顾社会、经济、生态等综合价值量维度差别化的补偿机制,建立科学合理的耕地补偿标准。同时重点着眼于5~10等级耕地质量提升,可最大限度挖掘区域耕地价值潜力。补齐低质量耕地短板,切实提升区域耕地质量水平,落实耕地数量、质量常态化保护。

In order to establish the connection between the dimensionless cultivated land quality grade and the monetary quantifiable cultivated land value,we explored the value of cultivated land of different quality grades based on the evaluation result of the cultivated land quality grade in Y city.Research methods:The present value of earnings method,shadow price method,and equivalent factor method.Research results:(1)The average comprehensive value range of cultivated land of different grades in Y city was 35.37-158.53 ten thousand yuan/hm2,of which the average land economic value range was 4.60-21.59 ten thousand yuan/hm2,and the average social value range was 30.35-134.67 ten thousand yuan/hm2,the average ecological value of land ranges from 0.43-2.27 ten thousand yuan/hm2.The value of cultivated land decreased with the decrease of land grade.(2)In the comprehensive value of cultivated land,social value accounts for more than economic value and becomes an important part that cannot be ignored in the calculation of cultivated land value.The proportion of social,economic,and ecological values decreases in turn.(3)There is a significant difference in the average comprehensive value of cultivated land of different grades.The greater the difference in the quality of cultivated land,the greater the difference in value.The difference in value of cultivated land between six to ten adjacent grades is much higher than that of cultivated land at grades one to five,that is,the difference in value of cultivated land between adjacent low grades is greater than that of high grades.Research conclusion:This article attempts to break the inherent assumption of the homogeneity of regional cultivated land in the original cultivated land value accounting research,and manifests the quality grade value of cultivated land.In the future,it is necessary to explore and formulate compensation mechanisms that consider the differentiation of comprehensive value dimensions such as society,economy,and ecology according to different quality levels of cultivated land,and establish scientific and reasonable cultivated land compensation standards.At the same time,the focus is on improving the quality of cultivated land of grades five to ten,which can maximize the potential of regional cultivated land value.In addition,it is very important to make up for the shortcomings of low-quality cultivated land,to effectively improve the quality of regional cultivated land,and to implement normalized protection of the quantity and quality of cultivated land.