轮轨粗糙度对地铁车辆噪声影响试验分析

Experimental Analysis of Wheel/Rail Roughness Influence on Metro Vehicle Noise

针对地铁车辆运行噪声较大的现象,对车轮不圆度及线路上不同位置的钢轨粗糙度进行测试。分析了轮轨粗糙度变化对车辆噪声的影响。研究发现:该测试线路的钢轨粗糙度显著高于国际标准ISO 3095:2013的限值,且曲线上钢轨粗糙度更高,是该地铁噪声较大的主要原因;在车轮镟修后,受镟修操作及工艺的影响,Tc(带司机室的拖车)与Mp(有受电弓的动车)的车轮轮周低阶多边形及长波粗糙度下降,但其表面短波粗糙度均显著增大,且Mp车粗糙度增加更大,导致镟轮后车辆噪声急剧升高。因而,合理的轮轨粗糙度维护策略和效果,才可降低地铁车辆噪声。

Targeting the phenomenon of metro vehicle large noise during operation,the wheel out-of-roundness and the rail roughness at different positions on track are measured and analyzed.Research discovers that the test line rail roughness is significantly higher than the limit value in international standard ISO 3095:2013,and the higher rail roughness on curve is the main reason for larger metro noise.After wheel reprofiling,due to the reprofiling operation and process influence,the low-order polygon and long-wave roughness of the wheels of the Tc(trailer car with cabin)car and Mp(motor car with pantograph)car decrease,while the surface roughness at short-wave increases significantly,and the wheel roughness of the Mp car becomes worse even more,resulting in sharp increase of vehicle noise.Therefore,only reasonable wheel/rail roughness maintenance strategies and effects can reduce metro vehicle noise.