玉溪烟区烤烟化学成分特征分析

Characteristics Analysis of Main Chemical Constituents of Flue-cured Tobacco in Yuxi City

为客观分析与评价玉溪烟区烤烟化学成分特征。以2019—2021年玉溪烟区9个主产区县202个行政村的C3F烟叶为材料,利用多元统计方法、聚类分析法、主成分分析法等分析了玉溪烟区烤烟中部叶化学成分。结果表明:玉溪烤烟中部叶总糖(33.9%),还原糖(27.07%),糖碱比(13.22)相对较高,钾含量(1.75%),两糖比(0.8)相对较低;各县区之间氯和钾氯比变异较大,稳定性差;总糖、还原糖含量变异较小,稳定性强;主成分分析得分表现为元江县最高,华宁县最低;聚类分析可将玉溪划分为三类烟区,第一类为澄江、通海、江川,需重点关注的指标为糖含量高,钾含量、钾氯比低;第二类为华宁、红塔、易门、峨山、新平,重点关注糖含量高,钾氯比低;第三类为元江,重点关注糖含量高。三类烟区分别地处玉溪东北部、中部、西南部。综上所述,玉溪烤烟表现出糖含量高、钾含量低的特点,根据各县区化学成分可将玉溪划分为三类烟区,不同类别烟区呈现出明显的地域性。

To study on chemical composition characteristics of flue-cured tobacco in Yuxi,the chemical components of flue-cured tobacco were studied using multiple statistics,cluster analysis and principal component analysis in C3F flue-cured tobacco samples collected from 202 administrative village in Yuxi tobacco-growing area from 2019 to 2021.The results showed that the contents of total sugar(33.9%),reducing sugar(27.07%),and sugar alkali ratio(13.22) in middle leaves were relatively high,and the kalium content(1.75%),the ratio of reducing sugar and total sugar(0.8) were relatively low.Variations were widely existed in the main chemical components of flue – cured tobacco among producing areas,in that variation coefficient was large and stability was poor in chlorine content,potassium – chlorine ratio of Yuxi tobacco leaves while the stability of total sugar,reducing sugar were good.The score of principal component analysis was highest in Yuanjiang and lowest in Huaning.Yuxi could be divided into three types of tobacco areas by cluster analysis.The first type was Chengjiang,Tonghai,Jiangchuan.With high sugar content,low potassium contentand potassium chloride ratio.The second type was Huaning,Hongta,Yimen,Eshan and Xinping,with high sugar content,and low potassium chloride ratio.The third type was Yuanjiang,with high sugarcontent.Three types of tobacco-growing areas were located in the northeast,central and southwest of Yuxi respectively.To sum up,Yuxi flue-cured tobacco had the characteristics of high sugar content and low potassium content.According to the chemical composition of each county,Yuxi could be divided into three types of tobacco-growing areas.Different types of tobacco-growing areas showed obvious regional characteristics.