深部探测揭示壳幔结构及其资源能源效应--“中国大陆典型地区深部地质调查”专辑特邀主编寄语

Deep Exploration Revealing Cust-mantle Structure and Resource and Energy Effects:Guest Editor’s Preface to the“Deep Geological Survey of Typical Areas in China”

地球深部结构变化、物质以及能量交换等地球动力学过程,是地球系统最主要的动力来源,诱发地表地貌变化、剥蚀、沉积作用和环境变迁,以及地震、滑坡等自然灾害,控制化石能源和地热等自然资源的分布,是理解成山、成盆、成岩、成矿、成藏和致灾等过程成因机制的核心。为探索中国大陆深部结构和资源能源效应,在党中央“向地球深部进军”的号召下,中国地质调查局于2016年开始设立了深部地质调查工程。工程以抢占大陆基础地质研究国际制高点,引领深部地质研究前沿为宗旨,选择我国资源、能源重要基地,重大地质边界和关键构造单元,开展了地球物理为主的深部探测和综合研究。获取了华南陆块等重要地质单元岩石圈精细结构,研究了班公湖—怒江缝合带重大地质边界性质及空间展布,在松辽盆地、西北盆山结合带等地发现和提取了一批与深部成矿、成藏和清洁能源有关信息。为进一步推动地质调查向深部进军,促进从二维地表地质调查到三维空间地质调查的转变,《地球学报》组织了“中国大陆典型地区深部地质调查”专辑。本专辑集中报道了深部地质调查近三年取得的部分阶段性进展和成果,主要聚焦深部地质调查在揭示地球深部结构,及其对浅部构造和资源能源的控制,服务地球深部探测和新一轮找矿突破战略。

Geodynamic processes,such as changes in the deep structure of the earth and material and energy exchange,are the main power sources of the earth system,inducing changes in surface landforms,denudation,sedimentation,the environment,and natural disasters such as earthquakes and landslides,as well as controlling fossil energy and geothermal energy.The distribution of natural resources is at the core of understanding the genesis mechanisms of mountain formation,basin formation,rock formation,ore formation,accumulation formation,and natural disasters.To explore the deep structure of the Chinese mainland and the effect of resources and energy,China Geological Survey,under the call of the Communist Party Central Committee to“go deep into the earth”,initiated a deep geological survey project in 2016.The project aims to seize the international high ground of continental basic geological research and be at the frontier of deep geological research.It selects important bases for resources and energy,major geological boundaries and key structural units in China,and conducts deep exploration and comprehensive research based on geophysics.We have thus far elucidated the finestructure of the lithosphere of important geological units such as the South China Block,studied the properties and spatial distribution of the major geological boundaries of the Bangong Lake-Nujiang suture zone,and discovered and extracted a number of related areas in the Songliao Basin and the Northwest basin-mountain junction.Information on deep mineralization,accumulation,and clean energy was also obtained for these areas.To further advance deep geological surveys and promote the transition from two-dimensional surface geological surveys to three-dimensional spatial geological surveys,Acta Geoscientica Sinica organized a special issue titled“Deep Geological Survey of Typical Areas in China”.This issue focuses on some staged progress and achievements of deep geological surveys in the past three years,mainly focusing on deep geological surveys revealing the deep structure of the Earth,and its control of shallow structures and resources and energy,serving deep Earth exploration and a new round of breakthrough national prospecting strategy.