四川省典型县域大熊猫自然保护地管理效率评价与分析

Evaluation and Analysis of Management Efficiency of Giant Panda Nature Reserves in Typical Counties in Sichuan Province

目前,建立完善的自然保护地体系是保护生物多样性的最为有效的途径之一。大熊猫作为生物多样性保护的最为重要的旗舰物种之一,中国政府和各界民众为保护大熊猫付出了大量努力,近年来积极建设以国家公园为主体的大熊猫自然保护地体系。在此背景下,本文选取了四川省大熊猫高密度分布的20个典型县域,结合实地调查数据和统计数据,采用数据包络法、综合评价法,对大熊猫自然保护地管理效率进行了科学地评价,并对其主要影响因素进行了分析。结果发现:研究区域近年来自然保护地整体效率得到了较大提升,表现为综合效率、纯技术效率均有所提高,但是却有多个县域的规模效益出现了递减。因此,未来的管理工作中,在自然保护地投入不断加大的同时,需更加重视协调自然保护地与周边社区发展的关系,才能保证管理效率随保护投入的增加而得到预期的提高。

Establishing a sound natural reserve system is one of the most effective ways to protect biodiversity.As one of the most important flagship species for biodiversity conservation,the Chinese government and people from all walks of life had made great efforts to protect giant pandas and to build the giant panda nature reserve system with national parks as the main body actively.Combined with field survey data and statistical data,this paper selected 20 typical counties with high-density distribution of giant pandas in Sichuan Province and used the data envelopment method and comprehensive evaluation method to scientifically evaluate the management efficiency of giant panda nature reserves,and also analyzed the main influencing factors of the management efficiency.The results showed that the overall efficiency of nature reserves in the study area had been greatly improved in recent years,as shown in the improvement of comprehensive efficiency and pure technical efficiency,but the scale benefits of many counties had decreased.Therefore,in the future management work,while the investment in nature reserves continued to increase,more attention should be paid to coordinating the relationship between the development of nature reserves and surrounding communities,so as to ensure that the management efficiency could be improved as expected with the increase of conservation investment.