基于达标理论的老年肠造口患者出院准备计划的构建及应用

Construction and application the discharge planning based on Theory of Goal Attainment in elderly patients with ostomy

目的构建基于达标理论的老年肠造口患者出院准备计划,并验证其应用效果。方法基于达标理论,结合临床证据及患者需求构建老年肠造口患者出院准备计划。便利选取郑州市某三级甲等医院胃肠外科2021年4月—6月的39例患者为对照组,采用常规护理;2021年7月—10月的38例患者为试验组,实施基于达标理论的出院准备计划。干预后,比较两组出院准备度、健康照护参与度,以及出院时、术后第4周、第12周时肠造口相关并发症发生率。结果出院时,试验组出院准备度及健康照护参与度高于对照组(P<0.05)。术后第4周时,试验组肠造口相关并发症发生率低于对照组(P<0.05),但在出院时及术后第12周时,两组差异无统计学意义(P=0.615,P=0.313)。结论基于达标理论的出院准备计划可提高老年肠造口患者出院准备度及健康照护参与度,降低出院早期并发症发生率。

Objective To construct discharge planning for elderly patients with ostomy based on theory of goal attainment and verify the effectiveness.Methods Based on the“Theory of Goal Attainment”,we combined with the best clinical evidence and patient's needs,and constructed the discharge planning for elderly patients with colostomy.Thirty-nine patients from April to June 2021 were in the control group and received routine care.Another 38 patients from July to October 2021 were in the experimental group,which discharge planning based on Theory of Goal Attainment was adopted.All of them come from the gastrointestinal surgery department of a hospital in Zhengzhou.After intervention,the discharge readiness,patient engagement degree of the two groups were compared,and the incidence of ostomy-related complications at discharge,the 4th and 12th week after surgery were compared between the two groups.Results At discharge,the discharge readiness score,health care participation score in the experimental group were higher than control group(P<0.05).The incidence of ostomy-related complications in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group at the 4th week after surgery(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in the incidence of ostomy-related complications between the two groups at discharge and the 12th week after surgery(P=0.615,P=0.313).Conclusion Discharge planning based on the theory of goal attainment can improve the level of discharge readiness and patients'participation,reduce the incidence of postoperative complications at the earlier stage after discharge.