制造业企业数字化转型的特征及对策——基于上市企业年报的文本分析

Characteristics and Countermeasures of Digital Transformation of Manufacturing Enterprises——Textual Analysis Based on Annual Reports of Listed Companies

在数字技术迅速发展的背景下,数字化转型已成为企业提高竞争力的重要措施,因此分析其转型的动因、行为和趋势具有重要理论和现实意义。通过对1334家制造业企业2012—2020年的年报进行分析,发现制造业企业数字化转型的特征包括:以技术进步、市场需求和政府政策为主要推动力,以数字技术与数据要素为基础支撑,以数字化赋能企业价值链的各业务场景,不同规模和细分行业的企业在数字化转型程度和内容上都有较为明显的区别。基于此,应从强化数字基础、完善数据治理、重构商业模式、构建生态平台、提升数字思维等方面推进制造业企业数字化转型。

Under the background of rapid development of digital technology,digital transformation has become an important measure for enterprises to improve their competitiveness.Therefore,it has important theoretical and practical significance to analyze the motivation,behavior and trend of its transformation.Through the analysis of the annual reports of 1334 manufacturing enterprises from 2012 to 2020,it is found that the characteristics of digital transformation of manufacturing enterprises include:with technological progress,market demand and government policies as the main driving force,digital technology and data elements as the foundation support,and digitalization to empower each business scenario of enterprise value chain,enterprises of different sizes and subsectors have obvious differences in the degree and content of digital transformation.Based on this,the digital transformation of manufacturing enterprises should be promoted from the aspects of strengthening digital foundation,improving data governance,reconstructing business model,constructing ecological platform,and improving digital thinking.