数字化转型对企业劳动生产率的影响研究

Research on the Impact of Digital Transformation on Enterprise Labor Productivity

数字技术与实体经济深度融合革新了生产要素体系、企业组织架构和生产模式,对企业实现高质量发展具有重要意义。借助2007—2020年中国A股上市企业数据,对数字化转型如何影响企业劳动生产率展开实证检验。研究发现,数字化转型能显著提升企业劳动生产率。从企业自身属性与外部时空差异角度而言,数字化转型对企业劳动生产率的促进作用在国有企业、高科技企业、成长期企业组别中更为明显。机制研究表明,数字化转型可通过缓解企业融资困境及强化企业内部治理两条路径提升企业劳动生产率。特别地,当企业获取政府补助及自身加大研发强度时,能够强化数字化转型对企业劳动生产率的提振效果。为进一步提高数字化转型对企业劳动生产率的作用,企业管理层应高度保持或提升数字化转型意识,地方政府精准支持数字化转型,培养数字化人才队伍,确保数据安全。

The deep integration of digital technology and the real economy has revolutionized the system of factors of production,the organizational structure of enterprises,and the mode of production,which is of great significance for enterprises to achieve high-quality development.Based on the data of Chinese A-share listed companies from 2007 to 2020,an empirical test is conducted on how digital transformation affects enterprise labor productivity.It is found that digital transformation can significantly improve enterprise labor productivity.From the perspective of the enterprise’s attributes and external temporal and spatial differences,the promotion effect of digital transformation on enterprise labor productivity is more obvious in state-owned enterprises,high-tech enterprises,and growing enterprise groups.The mechanism research shows that digital transformation can improve enterprise labor productivity by alleviating enterprise financing dilemmas and strengthening enterprise internal governance.In particular,when enterprises obtain government subsidies and increase their R&D intensity,the boosting effect of digital transformation on enterprise labor productivity can be strengthened.In order to further improve the impact of digital transformation on the labor productivity of enterprises,enterprise management should maintain or enhance the awareness of digital transformation,local governments accurately support digital transformation,cultivate digital talent teams,and ensure data security.